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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2560200 - F.I. Received Doc. - Hydrogeological Risk Assessment Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 1 HYDROGEOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AT PARNELL STREET DRUMMOND ETRA CO. MONAGHAN Prepared for JES Holdings Ltd. Prepared by Traynor Environmental Ltd Reference Number 26.199 TE Date of Issue 22nd April 2026 Traynor Environmental Ltd. Belturbet Business Park, Creeny. Belturbet, Co Cavan T: + 353 49 9522236 E: nevin@traynorenv.ie www.traynorenvironmental.ie RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 2 This document is a Hydrogeological Risk Assessment for the proposed development at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan. Issue Date Details Prepared by Checked/Approved by 1 22nd April 2026 Draft Report Francis Mc Mahon Environmental Consultant Nevin Traynor Environmental Scientist BSc Env, HDIP IT, IAH Project Title: Hydrogeological Risk Assessment Client: JES Holdings Ltd. Office Reference: 26.199 TE Status: Final Report Date: 22nd April 2026 Technical Reviewer Signature Nevin Traynor BSc Environmental Scientist Date: 22nd April 2026 Traynor Environmental Belturbet Business Park Creeny Belturbet Co. Cavan H14AY94 Tel: 049 9522236 Email: nevin@traynorenv.ie © This Report is the copyright of Traynor Environmental Ltd. Any unauthorised reproduction or usage by any person other than the addressee is strictly prohibited. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 3 Contents 1.0 Introduction 4 1.1 Project Objective 4 1.2 Project Scope 5 1.3 Professional Competency 6 2.0 Methodology 7 2.1 Standards and Regulations 7 2.2 Desk-based Study 7 2.3 Risk Based Impact Assessment 8 3.0 Characteristics of the Proposed Development 9 3.1 Proposed Surface Water Drainage System 10 4.0 Proposed Development Site Setting 11 4.1 Site Description 11 4.2 Hydrology 12 4.3 Flood Risk 13 4.4 Soil and Geology 14 4.5 Hydrogeology 15 4.6 Water Framework Directive 18 4.7 Designated and Protected Areas 20 5.0 Assessment of Potential Impacts 20 5.1 Conceptual Site Model 20 5.2 Risk Evaluation of Source-Pathway-Receptor Linkages 22 6.0 Mitigation Measures 24 6.1 Construction Phase Mitigation 24 6.2 Operational Phase Mitigation 24 6.3 Summary of Mitigation 25 7.0 Conclusions and Recommendations 26 RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 4 1.0 Introduction This report presents the findings of a Hydrogeological Assessment undertaken at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan. The assessment has been prepared in support of a planning application for the proposed development at this site and is submitted in response to a Further Information (FI) request issued by Monaghan County Council. This report specifically addresses Item 5 of the Further Information request, which requires: Submit a hydrogeological assessment (prepared by a suitably qualified hydrogeologist) to include a groundwater and surface water assessment, identification of potential pathways to the groundwater aquifer, the Proules River and the public water supply zone of contribution. This plan shall identify mitigation measures to protect groundwater and surface water during construction and operational phases of this development. Permission is sought for the following works: Permission for demolition of existing stone wall and entrance along Parnell Street, derelict ruined buildings (as per original application), construction of 2no. 2 storey (previously 3no. 3 storey), terraced apartment buildings consisting of: 4 no. 2- bed units(previously 3no. 1-bed units and 3no. 2-bed units), connections to existing services and all associated site works. at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross Access to the site is provided via Parnell Street (R178), which forms the southern boundary of the site. The remaining site boundaries are adjoined by existing residential properties. This assessment considers the suitability of the underlying subsoils to accommodate the proposed development, including hardstanding and drainage infrastructure, while ensuring the protection of underlying groundwater and the surrounding environment. 1.1 Response to Further Information (FI) Request – Item 5 This Hydrogeological Risk Assessment has been prepared in direct response to Item 5 of the Further Information request issued by Monaghan County Council. Item 5 requires the submission of: • A hydrogeological assessment prepared by a suitably qualified hydrogeologist. • A groundwater and surface water assessment. • Identification of potential pathways to: o the underlying groundwater aquifer, o the Proules River, and o the public water supply Zone of Contribution (ZOC); and • Identification of mitigation measures to protect groundwater and surface water during both the construction and operational phases of the proposed development. This report addresses these requirements as follows: • Groundwater and surface water assessments are provided in Sections 4.2 (Hydrology), 4.5 (Hydrogeology), and 4.6 (Water Framework Directive). • Source–Pathway–Receptor linkages, including identification of potential pathways to the groundwater aquifer, Proules River, and public water supply, are assessed in Section 5.0. • Mitigation measures for both construction and operational phases are detailed in Section 6.0; and • The assessment has been undertaken by a suitably qualified hydrogeologist, as outlined in Section 1.3. Accordingly, this report provides a complete response to Item 5 of the Further Information request. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 5 1.2 Project Objective The objective of this Hydrogeological Risk Assessment is to evaluate the potential impacts of the proposed development on groundwater and surface water receptors at the site located at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan. The assessment has been undertaken in support of the planning application and to demonstrate that the proposed development will not pose a risk to groundwater, surface water, or any identified sensitive receptors, including the Proules River and the public water supply zone of contribution. The assessment has been conducted in accordance with relevant Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidance and the Geological Survey Ireland (GSI) Groundwater Protection Scheme. A source–pathway–receptor framework has been applied to identify and assess potential hydrogeological risks associated with both the construction and operational phases of the development. The study addresses the following: Site Setting and Hydrogeological Context Characterisation of the site in terms of geology, subsoils, aquifer classification, and groundwater vulnerability, including a review of available GSI mapping and relevant environmental datasets. Groundwater Protection Assessment of the underlying aquifer and groundwater vulnerability, including consideration of potential risks to groundwater quality and flow, with reference to the GSI/EPA Groundwater Protection Scheme and associated response categories. Surface Water Assessment Evaluation of surface water features in the vicinity of the site, including the Proules River, and assessment of potential impacts arising from the proposed development, particularly in relation to runoff, sediment transport, and pollutant loading. Hydrological Connectivity and Pathway Analysis Identification and assessment of potential pathways linking the site to groundwater and surface water receptors, including infiltration to subsoils, overland flow, drainage infrastructure, and any indirect connections to the wider hydrological network. Construction Phase Risk Assessment Assessment of potential risks to groundwater and surface water during site clearance, excavation, and construction activities, including the potential for accidental spillages, sediment-laden runoff, and disturbance of subsoils. Operational Phase Risk Assessment Evaluation of potential long-term risks associated with the completed development, including foul and surface water management, and the potential for contamination arising from routine site use. Drainage and Water Management Measures Review of the proposed drainage strategy, including connections to public services, surface water management, and any measures such as attenuation or interception designed to protect receiving waters. Mitigation Measures Identification of appropriate mitigation measures and best practice construction controls to ensure that no adverse impacts on groundwater or surface water occur during either the construction or operational phases of the development. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 6 1.3 Project Scope To undertake the assessment, the project scope included the following tasks: • A desk-based study comprising a review of published environmental, geological, and hydrogeological information relevant to the site and the surrounding area. • A review of the Proposed Development details provided by the Applicant, including site layout, construction activities, and drainage proposals. • A site walkover survey to assess existing ground conditions, site setting, and potential hydrological and hydrogeological features. • Development of a preliminary Conceptual Site Model (CSM) to identify potential source–pathway–receptor linkages associated with the proposed development. • Assessment of the potential impacts of the proposed development on the receiving environment, including groundwater, the Proules River, and the public water supply zone of contribution. • Evaluation of existing and proposed drainage arrangements in the context of surface water management and pollution control; and • Identification of appropriate mitigation measures to ensure the protection of groundwater and surface water quality during both the construction and operational phases of the development. The primary focus of this assessment is to evaluate potential risks to groundwater and surface water receptors arising from the proposed development and to demonstrate that, with appropriate mitigation measures in place, the development will not give rise to adverse environmental impacts. 1.4 Professional Competency This report has been prepared by Nevin Traynor (BSc Env, HDip IT, IAH), a Senior Environmental Consultant with over 26 years of experience in environmental consultancy and water resources studies. Nevin is a member of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) (Membership No. 147120) and has experience in the undertaking of hydrogeological assessments, site investigations, and environmental impact assessments for a wide range of development projects. His specialist areas include hydrogeological risk assessment, groundwater protection, and the assessment of potential impacts of development on surface water and groundwater environments. For the purposes of this assessment, Nevin Traynor is considered a competent person as defined under relevant Iri sh environmental guidance, with the appropriate qualifications, experience, and technical expertise to undertake hydrogeological assessments and to evaluate risks to groundwater and surface water receptors. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 7 2.0 Methodology 2.1 Standards and Regulations The methodology adopted for this assessment has been developed with regard to relevant Irish and European legislation, guidance documents, and best practice standards applicable to hydrological and hydrogeological assessments. In particular, cognisance has been taken of the following: • Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) – Establishing a framework for the protection of inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters, and groundwater. • Groundwater Directive (2006/118/EC) – On the protection of groundwater against pollution and deterioration. • Commission Directive 2014/80/EU – Amending Annex II of Directive 2006/118/EC in relation to groundwater quality standards and threshold values. • European Communities Environmental Objectives (Groundwater) Regulations 2010 (S.I. No. 9 of 2010), as amended. • European Communities Environmental Objectives (Surface Waters) Regulations 2009 (S.I. No. 272 of 2009), as amended. • Local Government (Water Pollution) Acts 1977–1990, including the Local Government (Water Pollution) (Amendment) Act, 1990. • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 2011) – Guidance on the Authorisation of Discharges to Groundwater. • Groundwater Protection Schemes (DoELG, EPA, GSI, 1999) – Including the Groundwater Protection Response Matrix (R1–R4). • Monaghan County Development Plan 2025–2031 – Including policies relating to water quality, groundwater protection, and sustainable drainage. This legislative and policy framework informs the assessment of potential impacts on groundwater and surface water receptors and underpins the identification of appropriate mitigation measures to ensure compliance with environmental protection objectives. 2.2 Desk-based Study A desk-based study was undertaken to inform the assessment, comprising a review of publicly available environmental, geological, and planning information, in addition to documentation provided by the Applicant. No intrusive site investigations (e.g. trial holes or soil sampling) were conducted as part of this assessment. The following sources were consulted: • Ordnance Survey Ireland (OSI) – Online mapping and aerial imagery. • Geological Survey Ireland (GSI) – Online mapping, including geology, hydrogeology, aquifer classification, and groundwater vulnerability. • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) – Environmental mapping, including water quality data, groundwater status, and licensed activities. • Office of Public Works (OPW) – Flood mapping and hydrological data. • National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) – Mapping of designated sites and ecological constraints. • Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage (DHLGH) – Online planning and environmental datasets; and • Applicant Information – Relevant drawings, site layout plans, and design information for the Proposed Development. The desk study was used to establish the baseline environmental setting of the site, including geological and hydrogeological conditions, surface water features, and potential environmental sensitivities, and to inform the development of the Conceptual Sit e Model (CSM). RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 8 2.3 Risk Based Impact Assessment A risk-based approach has been adopted for this assessment, informed by the development of a Conceptual Site Model (CSM) and an understanding of the site’s hydrogeological setting. The assessment follows a source – pathway–receptor framework, in accordance with EPA and GSI guidance. Potential sources of impact associated with the proposed development include construction activities (e.g. excavation, material storage, and accidental spillages), as well as surface water runoff from hardstanding and roof areas d uring the operational phase. Potential pathways include: • Infiltration to underlying subsoils and groundwater. • Overland flow across hardstanding areas; and • Conveyance via the site drainage network. The principal receptors identified include the Proules River, the underlying groundwater aquifer, and the public water supply zone of contribution. The assessment evaluates the potential for pollutant linkages to arise between identified sources, pathways, and receptors, with particular consideration given to both the construction and operational phases of the development. Where potential risks are identified, appropriate mitigation measures have been incorporated into the design. Surface water management will be undertaken in accordance with Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) principles, incorporating measures such as attenuation and controlled discharge to ensure appropriate management and treatment of runoff prior to discharge to the receiving network. Based on the nature of the proposed development, the site setting, and the implementation of standard best practice mitigation measures, it is considered that no significant adverse impacts on groundwater or surface water quality are likely to arise. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 9 3.0 Characteristics of the Proposed Development Traynor Environmental Ltd. has been commissioned by JES Holdings Ltd. (hereafter referred to as the Applicant) to undertake a Hydrogeological Risk Assessment for a commercial development located at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan. (hereafter referred to as the Proposed Development or the site). The Proposed Development comprises permission for further development, as outlined below. Proposed Development Permission for demolition of existing stone wall and entrance along Parnell Street, derelict ruined buildings (as per original application), construction of 2no. 2 storey (previously 3no. 3 storey), terraced apartment buildings consisting of: 4 no. 2- bed units(previously 3no. 1-bed units and 3no. 2-bed units), connections to existing services and all associated site works. at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross Figure 3-1 Site Layout. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 10 3.1 Proposed Surface Water Drainage System Surface water arising from the Proposed Development will be managed through a piped drainage system connecting to the existing public stormwater network, in accordance with standard drainage design practice and in line with Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) principles, where applicable. Runoff from roof areas and hardstanding surfaces will be collected via gullies and downpipes and conveyed through the site drainage network. The collected surface water will be directed to the existing town stormwater mains, as indicated on the proposed site layout drawing. Given the urban setting of the site and the limited site area, no direct discharge to any watercourse is proposed. Instead, surface water will be discharged via the public drainage infrastructure, thereby reducing the potential for direct impact on nearby surface water receptors, including the Proules River. The site layout provides for a clear and controlled drainage arrangement, ensuring that all surface water runoff is captured and conveyed via a sealed system. This approach minimises the potential for uncontrolled runoff, sediment transport, or pollutant migration to surrounding properties or underlying soils. Overall, the proposed surface water drainage system has been designed to ensure that runoff is appropriately collected and discharged in a controlled manner to the public network, thereby minimising the potential for adverse impacts on groundwater and surf ace water quality. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 11 4.0 Proposed Development Site Setting 4.1 Site Description. The application site is located at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan, with access provided directly from Parnell Street (R178), which forms the southern boundary of the site. The site comprises a previously developed urban plot containing derelict structures and hardstanding areas, located within the established built-up area of Carrickmacross. The surrounding land use is predominantly residential, with adjoining properties immediately bounding the site. The site is bounded by: • Existing residential properties to the north. • Parnell Street (R178) to the south. • Existing residential properties to the east; and • Existing residential properties to the west. There is no surface water features located within or immediately adjacent to the site. The nearest surface water receptor is the Proules River, located within the wider area of Carrickmacross and connected indirectly via the urban drainage network. No wetlands, springs, or karst features were identified within or in the immediate vicinity of the site based on available environmental mapping. Based on a review of available environmental datasets, the site is not located within or in close proximity to any designated European or national ecological sites. Refer to Figure 4-1 for Site Location Map. Figure 4-1 Site Location Map RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 12 4.2 Hydrology 4.2.1 Surface Water Drainage According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 2026) mapping, the site is located within the Newry, Fane, Glyde and Dee Catchment (ID: 06) and the corresponding Hydrometric Area (06). At a local scale, the site lies within the Glyde_SC_020 Sub -Catchment (ID: 06_5) and the PROULES_020 River Sub-Basin, which has an approximate area of 7.13km². The nearest surface water feature is identified on the EPA database as the River Proules (Waterbody Code: IE_NB_06P010300), which is located approx. 183m west of the site. The watercourse flows in a southerly direction and subsequently discharges to Lough Naglack (Segment_Code: 06_55) approximately 1.7km downstream of the site. Accordingly, the Proules River is considered the primary surface water receptor in this assessment. Refer to Figure 4-2 for Local Surface Water Features. Figure 4-2. Local Surface Water Features (Site Location marked X) RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 13 4.3 Flood Risk A review of the Office of Public Works (OPW) Catchment Flood Risk Assessment and Management (CFRAM) mapping indicates that the application site and the surrounding area are not at risk of coastal, fluvial, or pluvial flooding. There are no recorded flood events within the application site or in the immediate surrounding area based on available OPW data. Notwithstanding the low flood risk, it is noted from the Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI) mapping that the site is located within an area of High Groundwa ter Vulnerability. This indicates that subsoils are generally thin or absent, and that there is a higher potential for rapid infiltration to the underlying aquifer. As such, appropriate design and mitigation measures are required to ensure the protection o f groundwater quality. Refer to Figure 4-3 for Past Flood Event Summary. Figure 4-3. Past Flood Event Summary RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 14 4.4 Soil and Geology According to Teagasc (2026) soil mapping, the site is underlain by Made ground. Geological mapping by the Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI) indicates that the underlying bedrock comprises Dinantian Pure Bedded Limestones. The bedrock beneath the site is classified as a Regionally Important Karstified Aquifer (Rk), which is characterised by enhanced permeability in zones of karstification and may facilitate groundwater flow through fissures and conduits. The site is mapped as having High Groundwater Vulnerability, indicating that the overlying subsoils are either thin and/or of limited protective capacity, thereby increasing the potential for the vertical migration of contaminants to the underlying groundwater. Figure 4-4. TEAGASC EPA Soils Figure 4-5. Rock Group Units RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 15 4.5 Hydrogeology 4.5.1 Aquifer Classification and Groundwater Vulnerability Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI) mapping indicates that the bedrock underlying the site comprises Dinantian Pure Bedded Limestones, which are classified as a Regionally Important Karstified Aquifer (Rk). This classification reflects the presence of enhanced permeability associated with karstification, with groundwater flow occurring through solutionally enlarged fractures, fissures, and conduits. Groundwater flow within this bedrock is therefore expected to occur primarily through secondary permeability, including fractures, joints, and fissures, rather than through primary intergranular porosity. The site is mapped as having High Groundwater Vulnerability, indicating that the subsoil cover is of limited thickness and/or protective capacity in places. As a result, there is an increased potential for contaminants to reach the underlying groundwater if not appropriately managed. No locally important sand and gravel aquifers are mapped beneath the site. The groundwater body underlying the site is currently classified as having Good Status under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as part of the current River Basin Management Plan cycle. The associated “At Risk” designation reflects the EPA’s assessment of potential future pressures, rather than indicating any current exceedance of groundwater quality standards. In this context, the protection of groundwater quality is a key consideration in the design and assessment of the Proposed Development, particularly given the combination of high vulnerability. Refer to Figure 4-6 for Bedrock Aquifer Mapping and Figure 4-7 for Groundwater Vulnerability Mapping. Figure 4-6. Bedrock Aquifer RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 16 Figure 4-7. Groundwater Vulnerability 4.5.2 Groundwater Body and Flow Regimes The site is located within the Carrickmacross Groundwater Body (GWB) (EU Code: IE_NB_G_016). Recharge in the vicinity of the proposed development occurs predominantly as diffuse recharge, via rainfall percolating through the overlying subsoils to the underlying bedrock. The bedrock aquifer is classified as a Regionally Important Karstified Aquifer (Rk). Such aquifers are characterised by enhanced permeability associated with karstification, whereby groundwater flow occurs primarily through secondary permeability features, including fractures, joints, fissures, and solutionally enlarged conduits within the limestone bedrock. In this hydrogeological setting, groundwater flow is typically concentrated within the upper weathered and fractured zones of the bedrock, with the potential for more rapid groundwater movement along preferential flow pathways associated with karst features. Groundwater flow is therefore likely to be locally variable, influenced by both geological structure and topography. As a result, groundwater flow in the vicinity of the site is expected to be shallow to moderately deep, and locally controlled, with flow directions likely towards nearby surface water receptors, including the Proules River within the wider area. Recharge to the groundwater body is primarily diffuse, with a proportion of effective rainfall contributing to subsurface flow and discharge to the wider hydrological network. Given the karstified nature of the aquifer and the High Groundwater Vulnerability of the site, there is an increased potential for relatively rapid migration of contaminants where direct pathways exist. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 17 The groundwater body is classified as Regionally Important, and therefore represents a significant groundwater resource, which requires appropriate protection through the implementation of suitable design and mitigation measures. 4.5.3 Water Use and Source Protection The Proposed Development will be served by the public mains water supply, and no groundwater abstraction is proposed as part of the development. A review of the Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI) groundwater wells and springs database identifies a recorded borehole (listed as Urban District Council supply) in the wider area, with a reported depth of approximately 44.2 m. This source is understood to represent a public water supply abstraction. GSI Source Protection mapping indicates that the application site is located just outside the mapped Source Protection Area (SPA) / Zone of Contribution (ZOC) associated with this supply. Notwithstanding this, given the proximity of the site to the mapped protection zone boundary, the groundwater abstraction is considered a sensitive receptor in the context of this assessment. The site is underlain by a Regionally Important Karstified Aquifer (Rk) with High Groundwater Vulnerability, indicating a potential for relatively rapid migration of contaminants where pathways exist. However, the Proposed Development does not involve any direct discharge to groundwater. Surface water will be managed via a sealed drainage network discharging to the public stormwater mains, thereby limiting potential pathways to the underlying aquifer. Furthermore, the scale and nature of the development, combined with the implementation of standard construction and operational mitigation measures, will ensure that the risk of impact to the nearby public water supply source is negligible. Accordingly, it is considered that the Proposed Development will not give rise to adverse impacts on nearby groundwater abstractions or source protection objectives. Given its proximity to the site and the High Groundwater Vulnerability, a conservative approach has been adopted in this assessment. The application site is located just outside the mapped Source Protection Area / Zone of Contribution (ZOC) associated with the nearby public water supply borehole. Groundwater flow in the area is expected to be locally controlled by bedrock structure and topography, with flow generally directed towards local surface water features, including the Proules River. Notwithstanding the proximity of the ZOC boundary, the following factors are noted: • No discharge to ground is proposed as part of the development. • Surface water will be collected and conveyed via a sealed drainage network. • Foul wastewater will discharge to the public sewer; and • No direct hydraulic pathway between the site and the groundwater abstraction has been identified. On this basis, and taking a precautionary approach in light of the High Groundwater Vulnerability, the risk to the public water supply is considered negligible. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 18 Figure 4-8. Surrounding Wells & Springs 4.6 Water Framework Directive The Water Framework Directive (WFD) status for surface water and groundwater bodies relevant to the site is defined by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in accordance with the European Communities Environmental Objectives (Surface Waters) Regulations 2009 and the European Communities Environmental Objectives (Groundwater) Regulations 2010 (as amended). The Proposed Development site is located within the Carrickmacross Groundwater Body (IE_NB_G_016), which is currently classified as having Good WFD Status under the current River Basin Management Plan cycle. At a local scale, the site lies within the Glyde_SC_020 sub-catchment, with the Proules River (IE_NB_06P010300) located approximately 180 m west of the site. This river represents the primary surface water receptor in the wider area. A review of Geological Survey Ireland (GSI) Source Protection mapping indicates that the site is not located within a mapped Source Protection Area (SPA) or Zone of Contribution (ZOC). However, a public water supply borehole (Urban District Council supply) is located in close proximity to the site, and the site lies just outside the mapped protection zone. Accordingly, this groundwater abstraction is considered a sensitive receptor in the context of this assessment. Surface water runoff from the Proposed Development will be managed via a sealed drainage system discharging to the public stormwater network, in accordance with standard drainage design practice. There will be no direct discharge to any watercourse or to groundwater, thereby limiting potential pathways for contamination. Given the nature and scale of the Proposed Development, the use of a sealed drainage system, the absence of direct discharge to surface water or groundwater, and the implementation of standard construction and operational mitigation measures, it is considered that: RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 19 • There will be no significant adverse impact on the status of the receiving surface water or groundwater bodies. • The development will not result in deterioration of WFD status; and • The development will not compromise the achievement of the environmental objectives of the Water Framework Directive. Table 4-2. Water Framework Directive Status Waterbody Type Waterbody Name Water body; EU code Location from Site Distance from Site WFD water body status Hydraulic Connection to the Site Surface Water Proules River IE_NB_06P010300 West of site ~180 m Poor No direct hydraulic connection. Indirect connection via public stormwater network. Groundwater Carrickmacross Groundwater Body IE_NB_G_016 Underlying site N/A Good Direct underlying groundwater body. Potential pathway via infiltration, mitigated by sealed drainage design. Groundwater Abstraction Public Water Supply Borehole (Urban District Council) N/A Within wider area (near site boundary) Adjacent to ZOC boundary Not assigned No direct hydraulic connection. Considered a sensitive receptor due to proximity and high groundwater vulnerability. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 20 4.7 Designated and Protected Areas The Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) provides for the designation of Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) for the protection of habitats and species of European importance, while the Birds Directive (2009/147/EC) provides for the designation of Special Protection Areas (SPAs) for the conservation of bird species. SACs and SPAs are collectively referred to as Natura 2000 sites (European Sites). A review of available mapping, including National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) datasets, indicates that the Proposed Development site is not located within or in proximity to any Natura 2000 site. Furthermore, there are no European Sites within a 15 km radius of the site. In addition, no direct or indirect hydrological or hydrogeological pathways have been identified that would link the site to any European Sites. Given the absence of designated sites within the surrounding area and the lack of any potential impact pathways, the Proposed Development is not expected to give rise to any likely significant effects on European Sites, either alone or in combination with other plans or projects. Accordingly, the Proposed Development will not adversely affect the integrity of any European Site. Refer to Figure 4-7 for Designated and Protected Areas. Figure 4-7. Designated and Protected Areas RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 20 5.0 Assessment of Potential Impacts 5.1 Conceptual Site Model A Conceptual Site Model (CSM) has been developed to identify potential sources, pathways, and receptors associated with the Proposed Development. The assessment adopts a Source–Pathway–Receptor (S–P–R) framework in accordance with EPA guidance and the Water Framework Directive. A Conceptual Site Model (CSM) has been developed to illustrate the relationship between potential sources, pathways, and receptors associated with the proposed development. Potential pollutant linkages are considered under a Source–Pathway–Receptor framework as follows: • Sources: construction activities (e.g. fuels, oils, sediments) and operational runoff. • Pathways: infiltration to subsoils and bedrock, overland flow, and conveyance via the site drainage network. • Receptors: o the underlying karstified limestone aquifer, o the Proules River (located approximately 180 m west of the site), and o a nearby public water supply borehole located adjacent to the Zone of Contribution (ZOC). A schematic representation of this Conceptual Site Model is provided in Figure 5.1, illustrating the absence of direct pathways and the control of indirect pathways through the use of a sealed drainage system. The primary focus of the assessment is the potential for the proposed residential development to impact on groundwater and surface water receptors, with particular regard to construction activities, surface water runoff, and drainage infrastructure . The CSM provides a structured basis for determining whether any complete pollutant linkages exist that could result in an impact on identified receptors. Figure 5.1 - Conceptual Site Model RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 21 5.1.1 Potential Sources 5.1.1.1 Construction Phase During the Construction Phase, potential temporary sources include: • Suspended sediments arising from excavation and groundworks. • Accidental fuel or oil spillages from plant and machinery; and • Cementitious materials associated with concrete works. These sources are short-term and localised in nature. Standard construction management measures shall be implemented and maintained to control these risks, including: • Controlled fuel storage and refuelling practices. • Prevention of cement washout to ground; and • Appropriate management of site runoff. Taking account of the temporary nature of these activities and the implementation of mitigation measures, the risk to groundwater and surface water receptors during construction is considered low to negligible. 5.1.1.2 Operational Phase During the Operational Phase, potential sources are limited to: • Surface water runoff from roofs and hardstanding areas, which may contain minor levels of hydrocarbons or suspended solids; and • Foul wastewater generated by the residential units. Surface water will be managed via a sealed drainage system discharging to the public stormwater network, thereby limiting any interaction with underlying soils and groundwater. Foul wastewater will be discharged to the public foul sewer, and no discharge to ground is proposed. Given the nature and scale of the development, no significant contaminant sources are present during operation. 5.1.2 Pathways The following potential pathways have been identified: • Vertical infiltration through subsoils to groundwater. • Overland flow across hardstanding areas; and • Conveyance via the site drainage network. The site is underlain by a Regionally Important Karstified Aquifer (Rk) with High Groundwater Vulnerability, indicating that potential pathways to groundwater may exist where infiltration occurs. However: • The use of a sealed drainage system; and • The absence of any discharge to ground significantly reduce the potential for pathway development. No direct surface water pathways exist between the site and the Proules River. Any indirect pathway via the public stormwater drainage network is controlled and managed. 5.1.3 Receptors The principal receptors identified are: Groundwater: Carrickmacross Groundwater Body (IE_NB_G_016) classified as Regionally Important (Rk) with High Groundwater Vulnerability. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 22 Surface Water: Proules River (IE_NB_06P010300), located approximately 180 m west of the site. Groundwater Abstraction: A nearby public water supply borehole (Urban District Council supply), located in close proximity to the site and just outside the mapped Source Protection Area / Zone of Contribution. No European Sites (Natura 2000) are located within or hydrologically connected to the site. 5.2 Risk Evaluation of Source–Pathway–Receptor Linkages The potential for complete pollutant linkages has been assessed using a Source–Pathway–Receptor framework under a conservative worst-case scenario. Worst-Case Scenario Consideration A conservative worst-case scenario has been considered, including: • accidental spillages during the construction phase; and • mobilisation of sediments during groundworks. In such scenarios, the potential for impact is limited due to: • the temporary and localised nature of construction activities. • the relatively small scale of potential contaminant sources. • the implementation of standard construction phase mitigation measures; and • the absence of direct pathways to sensitive receptors. Accordingly, even under worst-case conditions, no significant adverse impact on groundwater or surface water receptors is predicted. 5.2.1 Groundwater Impact Potential pathways to groundwater exist due to the High Groundwater Vulnerability and karstified nature of the underlying bedrock. However: • No direct discharge to groundwater is proposed. • Surface water is conveyed via a sealed drainage system. • No significant contaminant sources are present; and • Standard construction and operational mitigation measures shall be implemented. Accordingly, no complete pollutant linkage has been identified, and the risk to groundwater quality is considered low to negligible. 5.2.2 Impact on Public Water Supply A public water supply borehole has been identified in close proximity to the site, and the site lies just outside the mapped Source Protection Area / Zone of Contribution. Notwithstanding the sensitivity of this receptor: • No discharge to ground is proposed. • No direct or indirect pathway to the abstraction has been identified; and • The scale and nature of the development are limited. Accordingly, the risk to the nearby groundwater abstraction is considered negligible. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 23 5.2.3 Surface Water Impact The Proules River is identified as the primary surface water receptor in the wider area. However: • There is no direct discharge to the river. • Surface water is discharged to the public stormwater network; and • No direct surface water pathways exist between the site and the river. While an indirect pathway exists via the public stormwater drainage network, all surface water runoff from the development will be conveyed via a sealed system and discharged in a controlled manner. This approach ensures that: • There is no direct discharge to the Proules River. • Runoff is subject to attenuation, dilution, and management within the public drainage system; and • The potential for pollutant transport to surface water receptors is effectively minimised. Accordingly, the risk to surface water quality is considered negligible. 5.2.4 Surface Water Drainage and Discharge Surface water will be managed via a sealed drainage system and discharged to the public stormwater mains. There will be: • No direct discharge to any watercourse; and • No uncontrolled discharge of untreated runoff. This approach effectively eliminates potential pathways to surface water receptors. 5.2.5 Impact on Water Framework Directive (WFD) Status The site is located within: • Carrickmacross Groundwater Body – Good Status; and • Proules River – Good Status. The assessment demonstrates that: • No significant pollutant sources are present. • Pathways to receptors are either absent or effectively controlled; and • Sensitive receptors, including a nearby groundwater abstraction, are protected. Therefore, the Proposed Development will: • Not result in deterioration of WFD status; and • Not compromise the achievement of WFD environmental objectives. 5.2.6 Summary of Risk The assessment demonstrates that: • Potential sources are limited and controlled. • Pathways are either absent or effectively mitigated; and • Receptors are adequately protected. Accordingly: • No complete pollutant linkages have been identified. • The overall risk to groundwater and surface water is low to negligible; and • No significant adverse environmental impacts are predicted. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 24 6.0 Mitigation Measures The Proposed Development incorporates a range of embedded design and operational measures to prevent or limit potential impacts on groundwater and surface water resources. These measures are integral to the design of the development and have been developed in accordance with best practice, including EPA guidance, CIRIA guidance on pollution prevention, and relevant planning requirements. 6.1 Construction Phase Mitigation During the Construction Phase, standard good construction practices shall be implemented and maintained throughout the duration of works to minimise the risk of pollution to ground, groundwater, and surface water receptors. These measures will be implemented in accordance with best practice guidance, including EPA guidance and CIRIA best practice for pollution prevention and silt control. The following measures will be implemented: • Storage of fuels, oils, and chemicals in designated bunded areas, with appropriate secondary containment. • Refuelling of plant and machinery in controlled areas, away from drainage infrastructure and sensitive receptors. • Implementation of measures to prevent the release of cementitious materials to ground, including controlled concrete handling and washout procedures. • Management of surface water runoff during construction to prevent sediment-laden discharge. • Use of silt control measures (e.g. silt fences, settlement tanks, or similar) where required; and • Collection and off-site disposal of wastewater from temporary welfare facilities by a licensed contractor. Given the High Groundwater Vulnerability of the site and the presence of a nearby public water supply borehole, a precautionary approach shall be adopted throughout the construction phase. Taking account of: • the temporary and localised nature of construction activities. • the limited scale of potential contaminant sources; and • the implementation of the above mitigation measures, the risk to groundwater and surface water receptors during construction is considered low to negligible. All mitigation measures outlined above shall be incorporated into a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) and adhered to by all contractors on site. 6.2 Operational Phase Mitigation Mitigation during the Operational Phase is achieved primarily through the design and layout of the development, which eliminates or controls potential pathways between sources and sensitive receptors. Surface water will be managed via a sealed drainage system, with runoff from roofs and hardstanding areas collected and conveyed through a piped network to the public stormwater mains. Foul wastewater generated by the development will be discharged to the public foul sewer network. No discharge to ground is proposed. The use of a sealed drainage system ensures that: • Surface water runoff is fully contained and controlled. • There is no direct discharge to any watercourse, including the Proules River. • Any indirect pathway via the public stormwater network is controlled and subject to attenuation, dilution, and management within the public drainage system; and • The potential for infiltration of contaminated runoff to the underlying aquifer is minimised. The nature of the development (residential use) does not give rise to significant contaminant sources during operation. Accordingly, no significant risks to groundwater or surface water receptors are identified during the operational phase. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 25 6.3 Summary of Mitigation The Proposed Development incorporates a combination of design-led and operational mitigation measures, including: • Use of a sealed surface water drainage system discharging to the public stormwater network. • Connection of foul drainage to the public sewer network. • Elimination of any discharge to ground or surface water. • Implementation of standard construction phase environmental controls; and • Adoption of a precautionary approach in light of the High Groundwater Vulnerability of the site and the proximity of a public water supply borehole. These measures ensure that potential source–pathway–receptor linkages are either absent or effectively controlled. No complete pollutant linkage has been identified. Accordingly, the overall risk to groundwater and surface water is considered low to negligible, and no additional mitigation measures are required beyond those incorporated into the design and standard construction practices. 6.4 Summary of Compliance with FI Item 5 FI Requirement Section Addressed Conclusion Groundwater assessment Section 4.5 No significant impact Surface water assessment Section 4.2 No significant impact Pathways identified Section 5.0 Controlled / no complete linkage Aquifer assessment Section 4.5 Protected Proules River assessment Section 4.2 / 5.2 No pathway Public water supply / ZOC Section 4.5.3 Negligible risk Mitigation measures Section 6.0 Adequate and robust RECEIVED: 23/04/2026 Hydrogeological Risk Assessment 26 7.0 Conclusions and Recommendations Traynor Environmental Ltd. has undertaken a risk -based Hydrogeological Assessment for the proposed residential development at Parnell Street, Drummond Etra, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan. The purpose of the assessment was to evaluate the potential for the Proposed Development to impact on groundwater and surface water resources, including the Proules River, the underlying groundwater aquifer, and a nearby public water supply borehole. A Conceptual Site Model (CSM) was developed using a Source –Pathway–Receptor (S–P–R) framework, incorporating a conservative assessment of potential impacts, including worst -case scenarios. Based on the findings of the assessment, the following conclusions are made: • The site is underlain by the Carrickmacross Groundwater Body (IE_NB_G_016), which is classified as a Regionally Important Karstified Aquifer (Rk) with High Groundwater Vulnerability. • The hydrogeological setting indicates that groundwater flow occurs primarily through secondary permeability within the bedrock, with the potential for relatively rapid migration where pathways exist. • A public water supply borehole (Urban District Council supply) is located in close proximity to the site; however, the site lies just outside the mapped Source Protection Area / Zone of Contribution, and no direct or indirect pathway for impact has been identified. • The nearest surface water receptor is the Proules River, located approximately 180 m from the site, with no direct hydrological connection to the Proposed Development and only an indirect connection via the public stormwater network. • Surface water arising from the development will be managed via a sealed drainage system discharging to the public stormwater network, thereby eliminating any direct discharge to ground or surface water. • Foul wastewater will be discharged to the public sewer network, with no discharge to ground proposed. • The nature and scale of the development do not give rise to significant contaminant sources during either the construction or operational phases. • Standard construction phase mitigation measures shall be implemented and maintained throughout the works to minimise the risk of accidental pollution; and • No European Sites (Natura 2000) are located within or hydrologically connected to the site. Taking account of the above, and the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, the identified source – pathway–receptor linkages are either absent or effectively controlled. No complete pollutant linkage has been identified. Accordingly, the Proposed Development is not expected to give rise to any significant adverse effects on groundwater or surface water receptors, including the Proules River and the nearby public water supply borehole. The assessment demonstrates that the proposed development: • will not give rise to significant adverse impacts on groundwater or surface water. • will not impact the Proules River or the nearby public water supply. • will not result in deterioration of Water Framework Directive status; and • will not compromise the achievement of Water Framework Directive environmental objectives. • incorporates appropriate and robust mitigation measures to protect water resources during both construction and operation. Accordingly, the proposed development is considered to be fully compliant with the requirements of Item 5 of the Further Information request. RECEIVED: 23/04/2026