HomeMy WebLinkAbout2560469 - F.I. Received Doc. - Water Framework Compliance Assessment
Water Framework Directfve
Compliance Assessment
Proposed 850kW Turbine
Dundrumman, Scotstown, Co. Monaghan
Compiled by Veon Ecology,
James Glackin, ACIEEM
Prepared for: Greenvolt Next Ireland
Completfon Date: 18th May 2026 RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May 2026
WFD Assessment i | P a g e
Table of Contents
Table of Figures ............................................................................................................................................................. ii
Table of Tables ............................................................................................................................................................... ii
Sectfon 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Legislatfve Background .................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Assessment Methods ....................................................................................................................................... 2
1.2.1 Assessment Criteria ..................................................................................................................................... 2
Sectfon 2: PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Site Locatfon ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
2.2 Constructfon Schedule ............................................................................................................................................ 4
2.3 Stages of the Constructfon of the Proposed Development .................................................................................... 5
2.3.1 Stage One: Hard Standing ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.3.2 Stage Two: Delivery of the tower and blades .............................................................................................. 5
2.3.3 Stage Three: Foundatfon Constructfon ........................................................................................................ 5
2.3.4 Stage Four: Curing and Backfilling ............................................................................................................... 5
2.3.5 Stage Five: Tower Erectfon ............................................................................................................................... 5
2.3.6 Stage Six: Preparing for Erectfon ...................................................................................................................... 5
2.3.7 Stage Seven: Turbine Erectfon ..................................................................................................................... 6
2.3.8 Stage Eight: Electrical Connectfon ................................................................................................................... 6
2.3.9 Stage nine: Testfng and Commissioning ...................................................................................................... 6
2.4 On Site Access Track ........................................................................................................................................ 6
2.5 Constructfon of Services ......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.5.1 Electrical Connectfons ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.5.2 Site Storage ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
Sectfon 3: WFD SCREENING AND SCOPING ...................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Baseline Environment ............................................................................................................................................. 7
3.1.1 Surface Water Bodies ....................................................................................................................................... 7
3.1.2 Groundwater Bodies ...................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1.3 Protected Areas ............................................................................................................................................. 11
3.2 WFD Screening and Scoping Analysis .................................................................................................................... 12
STAGE 4: WFD IMPACT ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................................................. 14
4.1 Assessment of the Proposed Development Site Against Programme of Measures.............................................. 14
4.2 Constructfon Phase ............................................................................................................................................... 14
4.2.1 Biological Quality Elements ........................................................................................................................... 15
4.2.2 Chemical and Physico – chemical elements .................................................................................................. 18
4.2.3 Hydromorphological Quality elements .......................................................................................................... 18
4.2.4 Protected Areas ............................................................................................................................................. 18
4.3 Operatfonal Phase ................................................................................................................................................. 18 RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May 2026
WFD Assessment ii | P a g e
4.3.1 Biological Quality Elements ........................................................................................................................... 18
4.3.2 Chemical and Physico-chemical Quality Elements ......................................................................................... 19
4.3.3 Hydromorphological Quality elements .......................................................................................................... 19
4.3.4 Protected Areas ............................................................................................................................................. 19
4.4 Decommissioning Phase ....................................................................................................................................... 19
4.3.1 Biological Quality Elements ........................................................................................................................... 19
4.4.2 Chemical and Physico-chemical Quality Elements ......................................................................................... 19
4.3.3 Hydromorphological Quality elements .......................................................................................................... 19
4.3.4 Protected Areas ............................................................................................................................................. 20
Sectfon 5: COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................... 21
Sectfon 6: BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................................... 22
Table of Figures
Figure 1: Location of the Proposed Development ............................................................................................................... 4
Figure 2: Surface waterbodies surrounding the Proposed Development ........................................................................... 8
Figure 3: Site Drainage Plan ................................................................................................................................................ 17
Table of Tables
Table 1: Description of elements for the classification of Ecological Status that are recorded for those waterbodies
intersected by the proposed development. ......................................................................................................................... 2
Table 2: Water Body Status (https://www.catchment.ie) within 2 km of the proposed development .............................. 9
Table 3: Q-Values at various EPA monitoring stations within 2km from the Proposed Development
(https://www.catchments.ie/) ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Table 4: WFD Status OF Lakes within 2km of the Proposed Development and share a Hydrological connection
(https://www.catchment.ie) .............................................................................................................................................. 10
Table 5: Summary of groundwater bodies ......................................................................................................................... 10
Table 6: Analysis of WFD Surface Waterbodies Requiring Further Assessment .............................................................. 12
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May 2026
WFD Assessment iii | P a g e
Details of Author(s)
Name: James Glackin, ACIEEM
Address: Office 17, Oran House, Oran Town Centre, Station Road, Oranmore, Co. Galway
Company name: Veon Ltd.
E-mail: jglackin@veon.ie
Details of relevant qualifications/
affiliations/years of experience
BSc Environmental Science from the University of Galway
James had earned an honours degree in Environmental Science from the
University of Galway in 2022. James has since gained four years’ experience in
environmental consultancy where James worked as both an environmental
scientist and ecologist. James has experience reviewing several discipline chapters
for environmental impacts assessment reports (EIAR) with a significant amount of
work contributing to both water and biodiversity disciplines.
Describe scope of contribution in
preparing this report
Desktop survey, WFD Assessment, Final report completion
Quality Assurance
Veon Ltd. Veon Ecology
Revision Descriptfon Author: Date Reviewed
By:
Date Doc Ref No.
1.0 Initial Draft JG 23/03/2026 AH 31/03/2026 D01
2.0 Internal Review JG 11/05/2026 AH 11/05/2026 D02
3.0 Post Client
Review
JG 18/05/2026 AH 18/05/2026
4.0 Final for
Planning
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May2026
WFD Assessment 1 | P a g e
Sectfon 1: INTRODUCTION
Veon Ecology were contracted by Greenvolt Next Ireland on behalf of Connolly Meats Ltd (the applicant), to complete a Water
Framework Directive (WFD) Compliance Assessment for the Proposed 850kW Wind Turbine Development at the Dundrumman,
Scotstown, Co. Monaghan (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Proposed Development’). The Proposed Development site is located in
an agricultural field to the north of the Connolly Meats Facility in Dundrumman,Co. Monaghan.
The purpose of this WFD Compliance Assessment is to determine if components or activities associated with the Proposed
Development will compromise WFD objectives or cause a deterioration in the status of any surface water or groundwater body
and/or jeopardize the attainment of good surface water or groundwater status. This assessment will determine the water bodies
with the potential to be impacted, describe the mitigation measures and determine if the Proposed Development is in
compliance with the objectives of the WFD.
1.1 Legislatfve Background
The European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) (as amended) was established in 2000. The purpose of
this directive is to establish a framework for the protection of surface waterbodies (including rivers, lakes, coasts, estuaries and
heavily modified waterbodies) and groundwater bodies (GWB). The WFD was transposed into Irish law through the European
Communities (Water Policy) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 722 of 2003), as amended. The WFD is implemented in Ireland through
the River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) which span across a six-yearly cycle of planning, action and review. RBMPs identify
river basin districts, water bodies, protected areas and any pressures or risks, monitoring and setting environmental objectives.
In Ireland the first RBMP covered the period from 2010 to 2015 with the second cycle plan covering the period from 2018 to
2021. The most current cycle is the RBMP 2022-2027 and was adopted in September 2024 by the Department of Housing, Local
Government and Heritage. The WFD requires that the ecological status of all surface waterbodies is assessed that pressures are
identified, and that programs of measures are put in place in order to maintain or achieve Good Ecological Status (GES) or Good
Ecological Potential (GEP) in heavily modified and artificial waterbodies. Ecological status is assessed by considering a range of
biological, hydro morphological, chemical and physico-chemical quality elements as well as specific pollutants.
Ecological status and the status of the quality elements is assessed and classified as one of the following:
• High;
• Good;
• Moderate;
• Poor; and
• Bad.
Member States must provide information on anthropogenic pressures. The magnitude of pressure and associated impact affects
the status classification. This report provides a WFD Compliance Assessment for the Proposed Development. This report forms
part of the planning application for the Proposed Development and should be read in conjunction with the Water Sampling Plan
and the Water Protection Checklist accompanying this planning application. Consideration of the WFD is required for any
development application that has the potential to cause deterioration in the ecological and chemical status of a waterbody or to
compromise improvements that might otherwise lead to a waterbody meeting its WFD objectives.
Any new development must therefore ensure that four objectives are satisfied:
• Objective 1: Prevent deterioration in the ecological status of the waterbody or connected waterbodies (within the same
catchment);
• Objective 2: Ensure that impediments to the attainment of GES status for the waterbody are not introduced;
• Objective 3: Ensure that attainment of the WFD objectives for the waterbody is not compromised;
• Objective 4: Ensure that achievement of the WFD objectives in other waterbodies within the same catchment are not
permanently excluded or compromised. RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May 2026
WFD Assessment 2 | P a g e
1.2 Assessment Methods
This WFD Compliance Assessment evaluates the potential for the Proposed Development to have non-temporary effects on WFD
parameters of freshwater waterbodies. Although there are no formal guidance for carrying out WFD assessments in the Republic
of Ireland, the Northern Ireland Environment Agency provides guidance for EIA developments on undertaking a WFD assessment
(Northern Ireland Environment Agency, 2012). The UK’s Planning Inspectorate (PINS) Nationally Significant Infrastructure
Projects: Advice on the Water Framework Directive September 2024 (PINS 2024) also sets out the stages of a compliance
assessment. Where it is determined that the proposed development shall not have any effect on the WFD quality of the
surrounding water bodies, the proposed development shall not proceed to the next stage. For example, if the Proposed
Development is located a significant distance from any waterbodies and there is no hydrological pathway, then the Proposed
Development shall be screened out for further assessment. In principle, the approaches outlined in each of these guidelines are
similar. These documents have been used to inform the approach taken for this WFD Compliance Assessment, which is as
follows:
• Screening: Identify and record the current status, future objectives and any relevant activities that may influence the
waterbodies in the locality of the Proposed Development.
• Scoping: For each WFD element, record where the construction, operation and/or decommissioning could affect the
status.
• Assessment: Evaluate the extent to which activities influence (positively or negatively) the WFD elements; the likelihood
of non-temporary effects; the data available and confidence in the assessment; and any next steps for data collection
and evaluation as required.
• Mitigation: Identify where actions may be possible and appropriate to mitigate any negative effects of the
development.
A 2km buffer zone was applied for assessing protected areas. For clarity and brevity purposes, the 2km buffer and the full list of
identified protected sites (including those which are considered coastal water specific) are maintained for all assessments.
1.2.1 Assessment Criteria
This assessment evaluates where activities may influence WFD waterbodies. Evaluation was made against those quality elements
that make up the classification of ecological status. Ecological Status is defined as alteration from ‘natural’ conditions; see the
official WFD normative definitions (See Table 1).
Table 1: Description of elements for the classification of Ecological Status that are recorded for those waterbodies intersected by the proposed
development.1
WFD Element Description of elements for the classification of Ecological Status
Biological Status
• Composition and abundance of aquatic flora (including macrophytes and phytobenthos)
• Composition and abundance of benthic invertebrate fauna
• Composition, abundance and age structure of fish fauna
Chemical Status
Elements that support the biological elements including:
• Temperature
• pH
• Ammonia
• Phosphate
Hydrology Status
• Quantfty of water flow
• Connectfon to groundwater bodies
Morphology Status
• River depth and width variatfon
• Structure and substrate of the riverbed
• Structure of the riparian zone
1 Source: WFD Directfve 2000/60/EC RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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This assessment is reliant on identifying those effects that are non-temporary i.e., three years for biological status, hydrology and
morphology and 12 months for chemical status. To inform this assessment the following datasets owned by the EPA and
available online have been used:
• Catchment Data - River Waterbodies GIS 2
• Catchment Data - Lake Waterbodies GIS 2
• Surface Water Classification Status and Objectives results for 2019-20243
• Groundwater Classification Status and Objectives results 2019-20246
2 Available: Download Data
3 Available at: EPA Maps RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May 2026
WFD Assessment 4 | P a g e
Sectfon 2: PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION
The proposed development consists of the installatfon of one 850kW Vestas V52 wind turbine, with a hub height of
65 metres and a blade length of 26 metres, located within the lands to the north of the Connolly Meats facility in
Scotstown, Co. Monaghan. The wind turbine will support the facility’s energy demands and contribute to reduced
carbon emissions through on-site renewable energy generatfon.
2.1 Site Locatfon
The turbine will be positfoned in an agricultural field approximately 252.6m north of the main Connolly Meats plant.
All works will be contained within the applicant’s landholding, with no requirement for off-site constructfon actfvitfes
apart from the temporary delivery of turbine components using the public road network.
Figure 1: Location of the Proposed Development4
2.2 Constructfon Schedule
A temporary site compound will be established within or adjacent to the Connolly Meats facility to provide access to required
services and welfare facilities.
The main construction activities will include:
4 Red line = The site subject to this planning applicatfon.
Dark blue line = Land in ownership of the applicant
Light Blue = Rivers and ponds RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May2026
WFD Assessment 5 | P a g e
• Site setup and mobilisatfon
• Foundatfon excavatfon and constructfon (estfmated duratfon: 3 weeks)
• Curing period prior to turbine erectfon
• Delivery of turbine components
• Crane operatfons and turbine assembly
• Electrical installatfon, cabling and connectfons
• Final testfng and commissioning
Turbine erection will be scheduled following the curing period and will depend on safe weather conditions, including wind and
precipitation levels, as well as contractor availability.
2.3 Stages of the Constructfon of the Proposed Development
The construction of the Proposed Development shall be completed in nine phases. As part of the facilitation for the construction
of the Proposed Development, access and haul routes shall be established, services shall be constructed and waste management
shall be followed.
2.3.1 Stage One: Hard Standing
• Clearing of all topsoil to prepare the haul road.
• Installation of a separation geotextile on the formation, followed by placing and compacting crushed stone in layers
to construct the haul road.
• Clearing of all topsoil from the crane pad and foundation area.
• Installing geotextile and stone in all areas except the foundation excavation area.
• Compacting the stone in layers using excavators, dumpers, delivery vehicles, and rollers.
2.3.2 Stage Two: Delivery of the tower and blades
• The tower and blades will be transported to the site on flatbed extendable trailers.
• Unloading will be done using two cranes in tandem for the towers and a single crane with a spreader beam for the
blades.
• All towers will be stored and cleaned before erection.
• Blades will be examined and surveyed prior to erection.
2.3.3 Stage Three: Foundatfon Constructfon
• Excavatfng the foundatfon to formatfon level.
• Installing a 50mm base of lean mix concrete with a sump for pumping to one side.
• Tying the foundatfon piece for the tower with the necessary reinforcing into the steel.
• Installing shuttering around the external perimeter of the foundatfon.
• Inspectfng and pouring the foundatfon.
2.3.4 Stage Four: Curing and Backfilling
• Allowing the foundatfon to cure for the required number of days.
• After curing, striking the shuttering, and commencing backfilling.
2.3.5 Stage Five: Tower Erectfon
• The foundatfon can be backfilled after 3 days but normally the tower cannot be erected for 28 days untfl the
concrete has reached design strength.
2.3.6 Stage Six: Preparing for Erectfon
• While the foundatfon is curing, preparing the towers, blades, nacelle, and ancillary equipment for erectfon. RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May 2026
WFD Assessment 6 | P a g e
2.3.7 Stage Seven: Turbine Erectfon
• Planning the turbine erectfon based on weather suitability.
• Mobilizing cranes to the site and using tandem lifts to install the tower sectfons.
• Installing the nacelle and tfghtening all bolts before installing the blades and torquing all bolts to full strength.
2.3.8 Stage Eight: Electrical Connectfon
• Establishing the electrical connectfon to the tower at both low and medium voltage, terminatfng in the main
plant switch room.
2.3.9 Stage nine: Testfng and Commissioning
• Testfng and commissioning the tower, including EGIP (Electrical Generatfon, Injectfon, and Protectfon) testfng
witnessed by the ESB (Electricity Supply Board).
• Once successfully tested and commissioned, the tower is put into productfon.
2.4 On Site Access Track
To establish a sustainable and environmentally considerate approach, the proposed on-site access tracks have been thoughtfully
designed. From the site entrance, the newly created track will be utilized to reach the wind turbine location, spanning
approximately 25 meters.
Throughout the wind farm's operational lifetime, these access track will play a dual role—initially supporting construction
vehicles and subsequently facilitating maintenance vehicles' access and benefiting the landowners. The access track's width will
average around 5 metres. The complete design and details of the road will be produced if permission is obtained.
2.5 Constructfon of Services
2.5.1 Electrical Connectfons
During the constructfon phase, temporary electrical power for site cabins, lightfng and small tools will be provided by a
low-noise generator. This temporary supply is for constructfon purposes only and will not alter or be connected to the
permanent electrical arrangement of the Connolly Meats facility.
Electrical works associated with the turbine connectfon will take approximately 2 weeks and will involve the installatfon
of switchgear, circuit breakers, transformers and cabling, the commissioning of the electrical system, and the
commissioning of the automated control system. These works will require the excavatfon of trenches from the turbine
to the existfng on-site substatfon to accommodate underground feeder cables (see Layout Plan for details). The
permanent connectfon will operate as an embedded supply to meet the plant’s own demand, with no export of
electricity to the public grid.
2.5.2 Site Storage
A storage compound will be set up on the crane pad for the storage of all inert materials, including the blades and tower
sectfons. Additfonally, a container will be placed on-site to store nuts, bolts, cables, etc. Oil or other liquids will not be
stored on-site but will be delivered on an ad hoc daily basis from a local supplier. Topsoil and subsoil will be stored on -
site in designated areas shown on the site layout drawing, with surplus subsoil disposed of off-site. Turbine components
will also be stored in specified locatfons as indicated on the layout drawing.
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May2026
WFD Assessment 7 | P a g e
Sectfon 3: WFD SCREENING AND SCOPING
3.1 Baseline Environment
3.1.1 Surface Water Bodies
3.1.1.1 River Waterbodies
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) monitors water bodies in the Republic of Ireland as per the Water Framework
Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) as amended. This directives requires for all rivers within the member states of the EU to be
maintained or restored to good/ favourable status. Water quality is assessed based on five no. classification criteria, which
include:
• High: No or only minor differences from reference condition.
• Good: Slight difference from reference condition.
• Moderate: Moderate difference from reference condition.
• Poor: Major difference from reference condition.
• Bad: Severe difference from reference condition.
These water quality classes, and the water quality monitoring program are described in the EPA publication ‘Water Quality in
Ireland, 2019-2024’. The water quality assessments are based on ecological surveys.
The closest river waterbody to the proposed development is the Maghery ((Maghery_36) IE_NW_36M030900) River which is
located approximately 135m south of the proposed development. Moreover, there is a drainage ditch located in the southern
field approximately 5m north of the redline boundary (See Figure 2). There is a drainage in the northern field that is not
hydrologically connected to any surface waters. The drainage ditch located in the southern field commences at the existing
access track that separates the redline boundary and runs along the boundary of the existing Connolly Meats facility. During the
walkover survey, it was identified that the drainage ditch is culverted under the adjacent road (L60111) which outfalls into the
aforementioned Maghery (Maghery_36) Stream. The topography of the surrounding land is undulating where the Proposed
Wind Turbine shall be constructed on a steep slope moving towards the Maghery Stream where it drops from an elevation of
105m to 95m. According to EPA maps, the Maghery (Maghery_010) River is experiencing agricultural anthropogenic pressures
which puts the river waterbody at risk of not achieving ‘Good’ WFD status. Moreover, the Proposed Development is located
within an area of medium to high PIP-P Flow Delivery Pathways associated with the drainage ditch in the southern field and the
foot of the hill in the northern field is associated with an area of high PIP-P Flow Delivery Pathway.
The Maghery Stream (IE_NW_36M030900) is currently experiencing agricultural pressures meanwhile the Shanmullagh North
(tributary of the River Finn) (UKGBNI1NW363604079) is currently experiencing domestic waste water as a major pressure. This
tributary is approximately 673m southwest of the Proposed Development. There is no hydrological connection between the
Proposed Development and the Shanmullagh North Stream, however, there is a hydrological connection between the Proposed
Development and the Maghery Stream. RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 8 | P a g e
Figure 2: Surface waterbodies surrounding the Proposed Development RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
Veon Ecology May2026
WFD Assessment 9 | P a g e
The proposed development is entirely located within the Maghery_010 (IE_NW_36M030900) sub basin. Moreover, the proposed
development is located entirely within the Finn[Monaghan]_SC_010 sub catchment and the Erne Catchment.
Table 2: Water Body Status (https://www.catchment.ie) within 2 km of the proposed development
Sub Basin Name 2013-2018 Status 2016-2021 Status 2019-
2024
Proposed Development Site
with WFD Sub-Basin
Blackstair
(Monaghan)_010
Good Good Good Review
MAGHERARNEY_010 Poor Poor Poor At risk
MAGHERY_010 Poor Poor Poor At risk
MAGHERY_020 Poor Poor Poor At risk
Finn River (Tattymore) Poor Poor Moderate At Risk
Q Value sampling had been conducted along several river waterbodies within 2km of the proposed development between 1971
to 2022. See Table 3 for the results for the respective sampling years and the sampling stations.
Table 3: Q-Values at various EPA monitoring stations within 2km from the Proposed Development (https://www.catchments.ie/)
River and Statfon Code Year Q Value Score
BLACKWATER (MONAGHAN) - Br E of
Knockatallen* (RS03B010050)
1989 3
BLACKWATER (MONAGHAN) - Br N of
Gola*(RS03B010090)
1989 3-4
Br at Mill NW of Kilcreen (RS36F010010) 2022 3-4
2019 3
2017 3
2013 4
2010 4
2007 4
2004 3-4
2001 3
1998 4
1997 4-5
1993 4-5
1989 3-4
Br WSW of Drumloo L (RS36M030600) 2022 3
2019 3
2017 2-3
2013 2-3
2010 2-3
2007 3-4
2004 3
1993 3-4
1989 2-3
MAGHERY - Br SW of Kilmore L
(RS36M030200)
2022 2-3
2019 2-3
2017 2-3
2013 2-3
2010 2-3
2004 3
2001 3
1998 3
1997 3
1993 3-4
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 10 | P a g e
3.1.1.2 Lakes
There are a total of two no. lake waterbodies located within 2km from the Proposed Development. Based on a review of the EPA
Maps, there is no hydrological connection shared between these lakes with any component of the Proposed Development. The
lakes within 2km of the Proposed Development have not been monitored as part of the WFD, thus, they shall not be considered
further in this assessment.
There is a hydrological connection between the Maghery Stream ( Maghery 36 (IE_NW_36M030900)) with the Erne Upper Lake
(IE_NW_36_672). From the Proposed Development to the Lough Erne Upper (IE_NW_36_672). As discussed in Section 2.1.1, this
river waterbody is located approximately 135m south of the Proposed Development redline boundary and has a hydrological
connection through the drainage ditch located approximately 5m from the redline boundary. This Lough Upper Erne is
approximately 37.7 km downstream from the Proposed Development. Table 4 outlines the WFD status of the Erne Upper Lake.
Table 4: WFD Status OF Lakes within 2km of the Proposed Development and share a Hydrological connection (https://www.catchment.ie)
Waterbody and Name 2013-2018 2016-2021 2021-2024
Erne Upper (IE_NW_36_672) Poor Poor Moderate
3.1.1.3 Transitfonal and coastal waters
As the Proposed Development is located inland, there was no transitional or coastal water bodies located within 2km of the
Proposed Development. The closest transitionary waterbody is the Inner Dundalk Bay (IE_NB_040_0100) which is approximately
55 km southeast of the Proposed Development.
Due to the adequate buffer between the Proposed Development, the closest river waterbody and the distance of the closest
transitional waterbody from the Proposed Development, it can be concluded that the Proposed Development has no potential to
negatively affect the transitional / coastal waterbodies due to the adequate buffer between the Proposed Development and the
river waterbody, the distance between the Proposed Development with any other transitionary/ coastal waterbody which will
allow for sufficient dilution of the negligible quantity of runoff from the Proposed Development.
3.1.2 Groundwater Bodies
The groundwater body (GWB) is the groundwater management unit under the WFD. GWBs are subdivisions of large geographical
areas of aquifers so that they can be effectively managed in order to protect the groundwater and linked surface waters. The
GWB is defined as a distinct volume of groundwater, including recharge and discharge areas with little flow across the
boundaries. The Proposed Development site is underlain by the Magheraveely GWB (IEGBNI_NW_G_028). This GWB crosses over
into the Northern Ireland administrative boundary, thus there is a pathway for transboundary effects. Due to this cross-boundary
nature of this GWB, the Geological Survey Ireland (GSI) website does not provide a description for this GWB.
GWB vulnerability expresses how well the substrate (i.e. soil, bedrock etc.) protects the underlying aquifer from being
contaminated. The GWB underlying the Proposed Development is classified as having a vulnerability of ‘low’, thus, expressing the
area underlying the Proposed Development not to be easily contaminated. Table 5 outlines the status of the GWB underlying the
Proposed Development through the three WFD cycles.
Table 5: Summary of groundwater bodies
Name and EU Code GWB status (2013 - 2018) GWB status (2016
2021)
GWB status
(2019 - 2024)
Magheraveely
(IEGBNI_NW_G_028)
Good Good Good
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 11 | P a g e
3.1.3 Protected Areas
3.1.3.1 Bathing Waters
The Bathing Water Directive (2006/7/EC), as amended, came into effect as of March 2006, and was transposed into Irish law
through the Bathing Water Quality Regulations, 2008, as amended. The previous 1976 Directive was repealed which had come
into effect from 31 December 2014.
There are no regulated bathing areas identified within the adjacent vicinity of the Proposed Development, within the same
SubCatchment or is hydrologically connected to the proposed development5.
3.1.3.2 Nutrient Sensitfve Areas
Based on a review of the EPA maps, there are no nutrient sensitive rivers, lakes or estuaries located adjacent to or within the
SubCatchment as the Proposed Development.
3.1.3.3 Salmonid Rivers
The first schedule of the European Communities (Qualities of Salmonoid Waters) Regulations, 1988 (as amended), lists several
river waterbodies within the Republic of Ireland granted legislative protection and the extent as to where the protection is
granted for. Following on from a review of the listed relevant river waterbodies (“Salmonoid Waters”) within these regulations in
conjunction with a review of the EPA maps, it can be concluded that there are no river waterbodies that have been issued
legislative protection under these regulations either within 2km from the Proposed Development or within the same
SubCatchment as the proposed development.
3.1.3.4 European Sites
Although, the Proposed Development is hydrologically connected to the Lough Oughter and Associated Loughs SAC (IE000007),
this Natura 2000 Site is approximately 37.7km downstream from the Proposed Development. This is deemed to be sufficiently
spaced The Maghery Stream merges with Finn [Monaghan] River which is a wide waterbody with several tributaries’ merges with
the River Finn between the Proposed Development and the Lough Oughter and Associated Loughs SAC. Given the scale of works,
the hydrological distance between the Proposed Development, it is assessed that any sediments / contaminants entering the
Maghery Stream shall be sufficiently diluted prior to reaching the Lough Oughter and Associated Loughs SAC. Moreover, the
tributaries entering the River Finn [Monaghan] shall further assist in further diluting the water to avoid any doubt of
deterioration of water quality in the Lough Oughter and Associated Loughs SAC.
3.1.3.5 Natfonal Heritage Area (NHA) / Proposed Natural Heritage Area (pNHA)
Following on from a desktop review, it can be concluded that there are no NHA or pNHAs within the ZoI. Thus, the Proposed
Development does not have any potential to negatively affect the water quality of these nationally designated sites.
3.1.3.6 Groundwater Drinking Water Supply
Groundwater is commonly used as a drinking water supply source in the Republic of Ireland. According to the EPA Maps6, the
GWB (Magheraveely GWB (IEGBNI_NW_G_028 )) underlying the Proposed Development is designated as a drinking water supply
under Article 7 of the WFD (2000/60/EC).
There are no GSI Public Supply Source Protection Areas overlapping with the Proposed Development. The closest Public Supply
Source Protection Area is approximately 1.4 km north of the Proposed Development; however, it does not share any part of the
same GWB as the Proposed Development. The Proposed Development is located approximately 3.8 km northeast of the
Monaghan Public Water Supply (PWS). The Aughnashalvey National Federation of Group Water Schemes (NFGWS) is
approximately 3.3km south of the Proposed Development and both underly the Magheraveely GWB.
5 Due to there not being any pathway to the bathing area, there is not a requirement to classify the quality of these bathing areas.
6 Available at: EPA Maps RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 12 | P a g e
3.2 WFD Screening and Scoping Analysis
The Source Pathway Receptor (SPR) model was utilised to assess whether the Proposed Development has any risk in causing any
deterioration in water quality to any waterbodies. A precautionary approach has been implemented which has screened for all
waterbodies within the same sub basin as the Proposed Development and located within 5km from the Proposed Development.
Table 6: Analysis of WFD Surface Waterbodies Requiring Further Assessment
Receptor Screen In /Out Rationale
River Waterbodies
Maghery 36
(IE_NW_36M030900)
Screened In Although the Proposed Development is sufficiently distanced
from this surface water body, there is a hydrological connectfon
between the redline boundary of the Proposed Development
and this waterbody through the drainage ditch located
approximately 5m north of the Proposed Development. This
drainage ditch has been culverted where excess water will
outiall into the Maghery River. As such, though, the
implementatfon of the SPR model, there is a source (excavatfon
to facilitate for the underground ductfng and cabling which will
give rise to fine sediments, stockpiling of waste material may
deteriorate water quality, accidental spillage from the
constructfon vehicles). The pathway is the drainage ditch located
to the north of the redline boundary in the southern field. The
receptor is the Maghery Stream. Given the Poor water quality of
the Maghery Stream, a precautfonary approach has been
implemented, thus, it has been screened in for further
consideratfon to ensure there shall not be any effects to the
water quality status so it has the best chance to achieve good
water quality.
Blackwater (Monaghan)_010
(IE_NB_03B010130)
Screened Out The Proposed Development is approximately 928m north of the
Proposed Development. There were no pathways identffied
between the Proposed Development and this river waterbody.
Based on this, it can be concluded that this waterbody is missing
a pathway, thus, there is no potentfal for deterioratfon of water
quality and has been screened out for further consideratfon.
MAGHERARNEY_010
(IE_NW_36M010150)
Screened Out The Proposed Development is approximately 823m east of the
Proposed Development. There were no pathways identffied
between the Proposed Development and this river waterbody.
Based on this, it can be concluded that this waterbody is missing
a pathway, thus, there is no potentfal for deterioratfon of water
quality and has been screened out for further consideratfon.
SCOTSTOWN_020
(IE_NB_03S020500)
Screened Out The Proposed Development is approximately 3.3km northeast of
the Proposed Development. There were no pathways identffied
between the Proposed Development and this river waterbody.
Based on this, it can be concluded that this waterbody is missing
a pathway, thus, there is no potentfal for deterioratfon of water
quality and has been screened out for further consideratfon.
SCOTSTOWN_010
(UKGBNI1NB030308255)
Screened Out The Proposed Development is approximately 3.2km north of the
Proposed Development. There were no pathways identffied
between the Proposed Development and this river waterbody.
Based on this, it can be concluded that this waterbody is missing
a pathway, thus, there is no potentfal for deterioratfon of water
quality and has been screened out for further consideratfon.
Finn River (Tattymore)
(UKGBNI1NW363604079)
Screened Out The Proposed Development is approximately 793m south of the
Proposed Development. There were no pathways identffied
between the Proposed Development and this river waterbody.
Based on this, it can be concluded that this waterbody is missing
a pathway, thus, there is no potentfal for deterioratfon of water
quality and has been screened out for further consideratfon.
MAGHERY_020
(IE_NW_36M031200)
Screened Out The Proposed Development is approximately 1.8km south of the
Proposed Development. There were no pathways identffied RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 13 | P a g e
Receptor Screen In /Out Rationale
between the Proposed Development and this river waterbody.
Based on this, it can be concluded that this waterbody is missing
a pathway, thus, there is no potentfal for deterioratfon of water
quality and has been screened out for further consideratfon.
Lake Waterbodies
Killcoran (IE_NW_36_329) Screened Out This Lake waterbody is not hydrologically connected to the
Proposed Development. This lake waterbody consists of the
Selloo Stream flowing out from it. This converges with the
Maghery River, however, the Maghery River does not flow into
the Killcoran Stream. Based on this, there is no potentfal
pathway between the Propsoed Development and the Kilcoran
and has been screened out for further consideratfon.
Hollywood (IE_NW_36_267) Screened Out There is no hydrological connectfon between the Proposed
Development and this lake waterbody, thus, there is no
potentfal for the Proposed Development to negatfvely affect the
water quality of this lake, hence it has been screened out for
further consideratfon.
Black Fermanagh
(IE_NW_36_278)
Screened Out There is no hydrological connectfon between the Proposed
Development and this lake waterbody, thus, there is no
potentfal for the Proposed Development to negatfvely affect the
water quality of this lake, hence it has been screened out for
further consideratfon.
Groundwater Bodies
Magheraveely GWB
(IEGBNI_NW_G_028
Screened Out Given the low groundwater vulnerability associated with the
groundwater body underlying the Proposed Development, in
conjunctfon with the scale of excavatfon works and the duratfon
of excavatfon (approximately 3 weeks). It can be concluded that
the Proposed Development shall not jeopardise the
groundwater bodies water quality. RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 14 | P a g e
STAGE 4: WFD IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The proposed development does not include a significant change to groundwater abstraction or the groundwater water body.
The footprint of the works are small-scale, and the duration of excavation works is negligible (approximately 3 weeks) and
therefore no significant change to recharge are anticipated. The groundwater body underlying the Proposed Development has a
low groundwater vulnerability. Based on this rationale, there will be no change to the quantitative status of the underlying
groundwater body and shall not be considered further.
As assessed previously, the Proposed Development has no pathway to negatively affect the water quality of any designated sites
due to the scale and duration of excavation works which shall limit the source pollution entering the Maghery Stream coupled
with the hydrological distance between the Proposed Development and any designated sites, there shall not be any potential for
the Proposed Development to negatively impact the water quality of these designated sites, thus, these shall not be considered
further.
The characteristics with the potential to be affected by the Proposed Development are Biology: Biology: Fish, Water Quality of
the Maghery Stream based on the proximity of the Proposed Development from the stream, the presence of a hydrological
pathway (drainage ditch), possible source pollution and sensitive receptor (stream with a poor water quality status). This shall be
assessed further in Stage 3 of the WFD Assessment.
4.1 Assessment of the Proposed Development Site Against Programme of Measures
Within the RBMP, there are a list of measures, or environmental improvements, which have been identified by the RBMP, to
meet the target date set by the WFD. As part of the WFD Compliance Assessment, there must be consideration for measures and
assessing whether the Proposed Development can contribute to them or will deteriorate waterbodies from achieving the
requirements set out in the WFD (2000/60/EC ) (as amended). The Proposed Development has been assessed for its potential to
impact each of the WFD quality elements, and as a result have the potential to impact upon the status of the water body or its
ability to achieve its objectives in relation to those elements7.
The WFD Compliance Assessment primarily considers the operation of any given development. However, potential construction
impacts are also considered if they have the potential for significant long-term change.
The main activities that may jeopardize the water quality of waterbodies include the following:
• Construction Phase - earthworks, and construction and construction of internal site access roads (especially near
drainage ditch).
• Operational Phase – maintenance works.
• Decommissioning Phase – similar as during construction, but on a smaller scale.
4.2 Constructfon Phase
In the absence of mitigation measures, based on a highly precautionary approach, the Proposed Development has the potential
to affect the water quality of the Maghery Stream at the Proposed Development site. The factors that can affect water quality
and associated aquatic habitats include the following:
1. Nutrient release such as nitrogen and phosphorus;
2. Contamination events associated with accidental leaks and spills of fuel or other chemicals;
3. Sedimentation of the Maghery Stream.
A Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) (accompanying this planning application) will be implemented. The
measures incorporated into the CEMP are embedded mitigation. This planning document has incorporated the mitigation
measures set out in this assessment as well as the incorporation of a detailed water sampling plan.
7 This is in respects to the waterbodies that have screened in for potentfal effects. RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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4.2.1 Biological Quality Elements
As stated in Section 3.1.1.1, the drainage ditch located in the southern field is identified as an area of high EPA PIP-P Flow
Delivery Paths. Moreover, the foot of the hill in the northern field of the redline boundary is also an area of high EPA PIP-P Flow
Delivery Paths likely to flow into the drainage ditch in the southern field of the Proposed Development and so it is likely that
excavation works to be undertaken in the northern field of the Proposed Development has potential to negatively affect the
water quality of the Maghery Stream.
Excavation works shall be implemented 5m west of where the proposed underground ducts, cabling and associated electrical
works shall connect the proposed wind turbine and the existing on-site substation. The material that is the product of the
excavation works has a potential to wash off into the adjacent hydrologically connected drainage ditch in the southern field. Due
to the proximity of the proposed cabling route in relation to the hedgerow, it is anticipated that the vehicles associated with the
cable laying shall be located east of the cabling and electrical laying which is adjacent to the drainage ditch. This shall result in
trampling, increase bare soil which shall increase surface water runoff into the drainage ditch during the cable laying. Moreover,
the over trampled soil shall be significantly broken up which will likely wash off into the nearby drainage ditch and outfall into the
Maghery Stream and increase the rate of runoff in comparison to the current baseline. Moreover, due to the close proximity of
the construction vehicles being from the drainage ditch there is potential for the construction vehicles to accidentally spill
hydrocarbon into the adjacent drainage ditch. All topsoil shall be placed approximately 85m north of the drainage ditch.
Although, this would be considered sufficiently spaced, due to the poor water quality status of the Maghery Stream in
conjunction with this field being identified as a high EPA PIP-P flow delivery path, a precautionary approach has been
implemented in this assessment and has identified this as a potential pathway into the drainage ditch. An access track shall be
constructed along the northern field within the redline boundary where it will be located adjacent to the drainage ditch. The
proposed access track will be utilized to reach the wind turbine location, spanning approximately 25 meters long and 5m wide.
The proposed access track shall require the clearance of vegetation which shall remove areas of grassland which has potential to
increase surface water runoff. The proposed access track shall introduce hardcore and gravel as the substrate for the proposed
access track.
Potential impacts from the construction may result in a loss of suitable habitat for fish, macroinvertebrates and macrophytes.
Sedimentation shall increase turbidity within the Maghery Stream which shall reduce habitat suitability. Moreover, accidental
spills of hydrocarbon has potential to result in fish kills. Moreover, given the agricultural history of these fields, it is likely that the
excavation material shall be high in phosphorus and nitrogen content, thus, leaching and runoff of these excavation material is
likely to wash off into the drainage ditch in the southern field and into the Maghery Stream which may contribute to
eutrophication. Given the scale of the Proposed Development and duration of works, fish kills from accidental spillage is unlikely.
Based on the above, it is anticipated that the effects on the Maghery Stream shall be temporary in duration and slight effect
without the implementation of mitigation measures.
4.2.1.1Mitfgatfon Measure
The following mitigation measures shall be implemented during the construction phase:
• Where concrete will be poured for the establishment of the foundation, this shall be done by the contractor under
dry conditions and a minimum of 15m away from the drainage ditch.
• Silt trap shall be placed along the along the edge of the access track dividing the northern and southern fields (See
Figure 3).
• During the excavation works, a straw bale shall be placed into the drainage ditch which shall be placed into the
drainage ditch adjacent to the excavation works (See Figure 3).
• Where possible, soil excavation will be completed during dry periods and undertaken with excavators and dump
trucks. Topsoil and subsoil will not be mixed.
• All stockpiles of soil and subsoil will, be compacted at the end of the working day and covered during periods of heavy
rain.
• All landscape areas and exposed soil will be reseeded and planted up promptly.
• Ensure that all areas where liquids are stored, or cleaning is carried out are in a designated impermeable area that is
isolated from the surrounding area, e.g., by a roll-over bund, raised kerb, ramps or stepped access.
• All vehicles and plant will be regularly inspected for fuel, oil, and hydraulic fluid leaks. Suitable equipment to deal
with spills will be maintained on site.
• All vehicles left idle overnight shall have a drip tray placed underneath the vehicle and shall be left a minimum of 50m
away from the southern drainage ditch or waterbody.
• Throughout the duration of the construction phase, silt fencing shall be erected within the width of the drainage ditch
channel (See Figure 3 for the location of the silt fencing). RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 16 | P a g e
o All proposed silt fencing shall be inspected on a weekly basis by the main contractor to ensure they are
operating effectively and there are no channels for silt to pass through. The EnvCoW shall complete the
inspections on the same day as the water sampling being conducted to ensure they are operating effectively.
o All proposed silt fencing shall be removed once construction activities are completed.
• A water sampling plan shall be implemented throughout the duration of the construction and decommissioning
phases of the Proposed Development (See Appendix 1 of the CEMP accompanying this planning application).
o Trigger levels have been set and the Environmental Clerks of Work (EnvCoW) shall halt works if these trigger
levels have been exceeded. The EnvCoW shall identify where pollution sources are coming from and new
mitigation measures shall be implemented.
• Silt traps shall be fitted into edge of the existing track to the northern end of the drainage ditch. This shall ensure that
phosphorous associated with excavation material will not wash off into the drainage ditch.
o The main contractor shall be responsible for undertaking daily inspections on the silt trap to ensure that
there is no malfunctioning occurring and overspilling does not occur. The waste associated with the silt traps
shall disposed of by a certified waste collector and disposed of into a certified waste facility.
o The EnvCoW shall inspect the silt traps and ensure these are operating effectively when they are completing RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 17 | P a g e
Figure 3: Site Drainage Plan RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 18 | P a g e
4.2.1.2 Residual Effects
Following from the implementation of the above mitigation measures, there shall be neutral effects on the biological quality
elements of the Maghery Stream.
4.2.2 Chemical and Physico – chemical elements
The potential sources of impacts shall remain the same as stated above in Section 4.2.1. It is anticipated that the effects shall be
temporary, slight effect on the chemical composition of the Maghery Stream.
4.2.2.1 Mitfgatfon Measures
The same mitigation measures as outlined in Section 4.2.1.1 shall be implemented to prevent alterations to the chemical and
physico composition of the Maghery Stream.
4.2.2.2 Residual Effects
Following from the implementation of the above mitigation measures, there shall be neutral effects on the chemical and physico
elements of the Maghery Stream.
4.2.3 Hydromorphological Quality elements
As outlined in Table 6, there is no pathway for the Proposed Development to alter the hydromorpohology of any waterbodies.
Thus the effects shall be neutral and will not require mitigation measures to be implemented.
4.2.4 Protected Areas
As outlined in Table 6, there is no pathway for the Proposed Development to alter the hydromorpohology of any waterbodies.
4.3 Operatfonal Phase
4.3.1 Biological Quality Elements
Potential effects on biological quality of the Maghery Stream shall be significantly reduced in comparison to the construction
phase. Maintenance works will be the main source of impact. Gravel access tracks shall be broken down to finer sediment and
potentially wash off into the drainage ditch. Inspections shall be completed on a bi annual basis of the proposed wind turbine,
thus this activity will have a negligible magnitude of impact. Moreover, there shall be lubrication and manual adjustments
performed during these inspections. There is potential for accidental spillage from the proposed wind turbine or from accidental
spillage from the inspector which could runoff into the drainage ditch and subsequently out falling into the Maghery Stream.
Given the intermittent monitoring required for the Proposed Development, it is anticipated for there to be negligible effects onto
the biological status of the Maghery Stream. Based on the above, it is anticipated there not be significant effects on the biological
status of the Maghery Stream. Due to the small scale of the impact associated with the operational phase of the Proposed
Development, it is envisaged that there shall not be any negative effects on biological quality.
4.3.1.1 Mitfgatfon Measures
The following measures shall be applied during the operational phase of the Proposed Development:
• The silt traps will remain in place throughout the duration of the operational phase of the Proposed Development.
o These silt traps shall be inspected on the bi annual inspections for any malfunctions and emptied to ensure
they do not overflow into the adjacent drainage ditch.
4.3.1.2 Residual Effects
Following on from the implementation of the above mitigation measures, there shall not be any effects on the surface water
body thus the effects shall be considered neutral. RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 19 | P a g e
4.3.2 Chemical and Physico-chemical Quality Elements
The same impacts from Section 4.3.1 are relevant to this section. The effects to the nearby water body shall not be significant in
this instance.
4.3.2.2 Mitfgatfon Measures
The same mitigation measures shall be proposed to mitigate against effects for chemical and physico elements of the water
bodies as outlined in Section 4.3.1.1.
4.3.2.3 Residual Effects
Following on from the implementation of the above mitigation measures, there shall not be any effects on the surface water
body thus the effects shall be considered neutral.
4.3.3 Hydromorphological Quality elements
The Proposed Development does not have any potential to alter the hydromorpohology of the surrounding waterbodies, thus,
there are no mitigation measures required.
4.3.4 Protected Areas
The Proposed Development does not have any potential to the water quality of any downstream Protected Site, thus, there are
no mitigation measures required.
4.4 Decommissioning Phase
4.3.1 Biological Quality Elements
The same effects identified for this element for construction phase (See Section 4.2.1) will be the same during the
decommissioning phase but to a lesser extent.
4.3.1.1 Mitfgatfon Measures
The mitigation measures outlined in Section 4.2.1.1 shall also be implemented during the decommissioning phase.
4.3.1.2 Residual Effects
The residual effects shall be the same as those outlined in Section 4.2.1.2.
4.4.2 Chemical and Physico-chemical Quality Elements
The same effects identified for this element for construction phase (See Section 4.2.2) will be the same during the
decommissioning phase but to a lesser extent.
4.3.1.1 Mitfgatfon Measures
The mitigation measures outlined in Section 4.2.1.1 shall also be implemented during the decommissioning phase.
4.3.1.2 Residual Effects
The residual effects shall be the same as those outlined in Section 4.2.2.2.
4.3.3 Hydromorphological Quality elements
The Proposed Development does not have any potential to alter the hydromorpohology of the surrounding waterbodies, thus,
there are no mitigation measures required. RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 20 | P a g e
4.3.4 Protected Areas
The Proposed Development does not have any potential to negatively affect the water quality of downstream Protected Sites,
thus, there are no mitigation measures required.
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 21 | P a g e
Sectfon 5: COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT CONCLUSION
A highly precautionary approach has been applied for this WFD assessment due to the poor water quality status of the
Maghery_010 sub basin. Due to the long downstream hydrological distance from the Proposed Development in conjunction with
the scale of the Proposed Development ensures there is negligible risk for the Proposed Development to risk the associated river
basin from achieving a ‘good’ water quality status as required under the WFD Directive. As a precautionary measure, a series of
mitigation measures have been applied to further ensure there shall not be any risk to the nearby river basin for not achieving a
‘good’ water quality status. Given the precautionary approach implemented it can say with absolute confidence that the
Proposed Development shall have no risk at preventing the Maghery_010 sub basin from achieving good water quality status and
is compliant with the WFD.RECEIVED: 26/05/2026
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WFD Assessment 22 | P a g e
Sectfon 6: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ballard, B., Wilson, B., Udale-Clarke, H., Illman, S., Scott,, S., Ashley, T., & Kellagher, R. (2015). The SuDS Manual.
London: CIRIA.
IFI. (2020). IFI Urban Watercourses Planning Guide.
Northern Ireland Environment Agency. (2012). Carrying out a Water Framework Directive .
NRA. (2009). Geological, Hydrogeological aspects of National Road Schemes.
PINS. (2024). Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects: Advice on the Water Framework Directive.
SDCC. (2022). SDCC Surface Water Drainage Pre Planning Guidance. Dublin: South Dublin County Council.
RECEIVED: 26/05/2026