HomeMy WebLinkAbout2560502 - F.I. Received Doc. - Landscape Specification
LANDSCAPE SPECIFICATION
FOR
EMYVALE HOUSING
AT
CO. MONAGHAN
FOR
GEDA.
Document Nr: 2447-MLA-XX-XX-SP-L-9030
Issue Status: S4
Revision: P02
Date: 19.06.2026
RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
Client name: GEDA
Emyvale Housing
Soft Landscape
19.06.2026
2447 RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
Contents
D20 Excavating and filling ........................................................................................................................ 1
Q28 Topsoil and soil ameliorants ............................................................................................................. 4
Q30 Seeding/ turfing ............................................................................................................................... 12
Q31 External planting ............................................................................................................................. 18
Q35 Landscape maintenance ................................................................................................................ 25
Notes:
1. This specification to be read in conjunction with McIlwaine Landscape Architects’ Drawings
and subsequent revisions.
2. The Contractor is to follow the recommendations set down in BS4428:1989 Code of Practice
for General Landscape Operations (excluding hard surfaces) unless stated otherwise in this
specification.
3. We recommend that all planting works are to be carried out by a Landscape Contractor
registered with the Association of Landscape Contractors of Ireland (ALCI) or equal and as
accepted by the Project Manager.
4. It is expected that Competent Contractors undertaking landscape construction or landscape
maintenance will be familiar with all relevant Legislative Requirements, Approved Codes of
Practice, HSE Guidance and Industry Standards etc. applicable to their work.
This specification is to be read in conjunction with McIlwaine Landscape Architects’ Drawings
and Architects’ and Engineers’ Drawings and Specifications – Contractor to request clarification
for any inconsistencies.RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
D20
Excavating and filling
Page 1 of 36
D20
Excavating and filling
Generally/the site
145 Variations in ground water level
1. Give notice: If levels encountered are significantly different from levels in the site investigation
report or previously measured.
150 Existing services, features and structures
1. Services: See record drawings for locations.
2. Site features to be retained: N/A
3. Structures: N/A
Clearance/excavating
168 Site clearance
1. Timing: Before topsoil stripping, if any.
2. General: Clear site of rubbish, debris and vegetation. Do not compact topsoil.
3. Treatment: Apply a suitable non-residual herbicide to areas to receive planting
170 Removing small trees, shrubs, hedges and roots
1. Identification: Clearly mark trees to be removed.
2. Small trees, shrubs and hedges: Cut down.
3. Roots: Grub up and dispose of without undue disturbance of soil and adjacent areas.
4. Safety: Comply with Forest Industry Safety Accord safety leaflets.
180 Chipping and shredding
1. General: Permitted, remove arisings from site
220 Stripping topsoil
1. General: Before beginning general excavation or filling, strip topsoil from areas where there will be
regrading, buildings, pavings/ roads and other areas shown on drawings.
2. Depth
2.1. Remove to an average depth of 200 mm.
2.2. Give notice where the depth of topsoil is difficult to determine.
3. Handling: Handle topsoil for reuse or sale in accordance with clause 225.
4. Around trees: Do not remove topsoil from below the spread of trees to be retained.
5. Site storage: Keep separate from excavated sub-soil
221 Treating topsoil
1. Treatment: Apply a suitable translocated nonresidual herbicide.
2. Timing: Not less than two weeks before excavating topsoil.
225 Handling topsoil
1. Standard: To BS 3882.
2. Aggressive weeds RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
D20
Excavating and filling
Page 2 of 36
2.1. Species: Notify the presence of species included in the Weeds Act, section 2, or the
appropriate Wildlife and Countryside Act for the relevant jurisdiction.
2.2. Give notice: Obtain instructions before moving topsoil.
3. Contamination: Do not mix topsoil with:
3.1. Subsoil, stone, hardcore, rubbish or material from demolition work.
3.2. Other soil or material containing aggressive weeds, sharps, plastics and non soil forming
materials and notifiable animal or plant diseases.
3.3. Oil, fuel, cement or other substances harmful to plant growth.
3.4. Other classifications of topsoil.
4. Multiple handling: Keep to a minimum. Use topsoil immediately after stripping.
320 Recorded features
1. Recorded foundations, beds, drains, manholes, etc.: Break out and seal drain ends.
2. Contaminated earth: Remove and disinfect as required by Local Authority.
330 Unrecorded features
1. Give notice: If unrecorded foundations, beds, voids, basements, filling, tanks, pipes, cables, drains,
manholes, watercourses, ditches, etc. not shown on the drawings are encountered.
370 Underground structures in landscape areas
1. Generally: Remove walls, roads, foundations, disused services, drains, manholes and the like to
minimum depth.
2. Minimum depth below finished levels
2.1. Grass, ground cover and perennial planting: 500 mm.
2.2. Shrub planting: 750 mm.
2.3. Within 2 m of tree planting: 1000 mm.
3. Walls and slabs remaining: In every 10 m² of wall or slab, make a drainage hole at least 600 mm
diameter.
Disposal of materials
410 Excavated topsoil storage
1. Storage: Stockpile in temporary storage heaps As Clause 420 .
420 Topsoil storage heaps
1. Location: To be agreed
2. Standard: To BS 3882.
3. Height (maximum): 1.0m
4. Protection
4.1. Do not place any other material on top of storage heaps.
4.2. Do not allow construction plant to pass over storage heaps.
4.3. Prevent compaction and contamination.
421 Topsoil storage heap treatment
1. Treatment: Apply a suitable herbicide at appropriate times to prevent seeding of weeds
441 Surplus subsoil
1. Excavated material: Stockpile in temporary storage heaps. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
D20
Excavating and filling
Page 3 of 36
2. Retained material: Spread and level surplus subsoil on site.
2.1. Locations: Where/if required to raise levels
2.2. Protected areas: Do not raise soil level within root spread of trees that are to be retained.
3. Remaining material: Remove from site.
450 Water
1. Generally: Keep all excavations free from water until:
1.1. Formations are covered.
1.2. Below ground constructions are completed.
1.3. Basement structures and retaining walls are able to resist leakage, water pressure and
flotation.
2. Drainage: Form surfaces of excavations and fill to provide adequate falls.
3. Removal of water: Provide temporary drains, sumps and pumping as necessary. Do not pollute
watercourses with silt laden water.
454 Ground water level, spring or running water
1. Give notice: If it is considered that the excavations are below the water table.
2. Springs/ Running water: Give notice immediately if encountered.
Filling
610 Compacted filling for landscape areas
1. Fill: Material capable of compaction by light earthmoving plant.
2. Filling: Layers not more than 200 mm thick. Lightly compact each layer to produce a stable soil
structure.
Bioremediation - Not Used
'specification for highway works: earthworks specification' appendices - Not
Used
Ω End of Section
RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 4 of 36
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
System outline
115 Soil system for grass swards
1. Description: FOR ALL GRASSED AREAS
2. Composition
2.1. Soil: Site sourced topsoil or Imported topsoil to BS 3882
2.2. Ameliorants: Sanitized and stabilized composted materials (not applicable to species rich
grass or wild flower areas)
2.3. Accessories: None
135 Planting bed soil system
1. Description: FOR FLOWERING SHRUBS
2. Composition
2.1. Topsoil: Site sourced or Imported topsoil to BS 3882
2.2. Ameliorants: Sanitized and stabilized composted materials
2.3. Accessories: Mycorrhizal inoculant
145 Plant pit backfilling soil system
1. Description: FOR TREE PITS
2. Composition
2.1. Topsoil: Site sourced topsoil and Imported topsoil to BS 3882
2.2. Ameliorants: Sanitized and stabilized composted materials
2.3. Accessories: Mycorrhizal inoculant
155 Mulching and top dressing system
1. Description: FOR TREE & SHRUB PLANTING
2. Composition
2.1. Material: Medium grade ornamental composted bark mulch.
Products
300 Preparation materials generally
1. Purity: Free of pests and disease.
2. Foreign matter: On visual inspection, free of fragments and roots of aggressive weeds, sticks,
straw, subsoil, pieces of brick, concrete, glass, wire, large lumps of clay or vegetation, and the like.
3. Contamination: Do not use topsoil contaminated with subsoil, rubbish or other materials that are:
3.1. Corrosive, explosive or flammable.
3.2. Hazardous to human or animal life.
3.3. Detrimental to healthy plant growth.
4. Subsoil: In areas to receive topsoil or planting media, do not use subsoil contaminated with the
above materials.
5. Objectionable odour: None.
6. Give notice: If any evidence or symptoms of soil contamination are discovered on the site or in
topsoil or planting media to be imported. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 5 of 36
305 Permitted materials
1. Materials: Composted green/food waste
2. Give notice: before ordering or using.
3. Declaration of compliance in accordance with BS EN 13650: Required
310 Materials not permitted
1. Materials: Products containing peat
315 Imported topsoil to BS 3882
1. Description: FOR GENERAL USE
2. Quantity: Provide as necessary to make up any deficiency of topsoil existing on site and to
complete the work.
3. Standard: To BS 3882.
4. Classification: Multipurpose
4.1. Soil textural class to BS 3882, Figure 1: Clay loam.
5. Source: Contractor's choice
5.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
360 Sanitized and stabilized composted materials certified to PAS 100
1. Description: FOR GENERAL USE EXCEPT SPECIES RICH GRASS/WILDFLOWER MEADOWS.
2. Standard: In accordance with PAS 100
3. Source: Contractor's choice
3.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
4. Horticultural parameters
4.1. pH (1:5 water extract): 7.0-8.7.
4.2. Electrical conductivity (maximum, 1:5 water extract): 200 mS/m.
4.3. Moisture content (m/m of fresh weight): 35-55%.
4.4. Organic matter content (minimum): 25%
4.5. Grading (air dried samples): 95% passing 25 mm and 90% passing 10 mm screen mesh
apertures
4.6. Carbon:Nitrogen ratio (maximum): 20:1.
5. Texture: Friable.
6. Objectionable odour: Not permitted.
7. Compost Certification Scheme certification: Required
8. Declaration of analysis: Submit.
9. Additional analyses: Not required
10. Samples: Supply 5 kg sample before ordering
380 Mycorrhizal inoculant
1. Description: FOR TREE PITS & PLANTING BEDS
2. Manufacturer: Contractor's choice
2.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
405 Inorganic fertilizers
1. Description: FOR GENERAL USE EXCEPT SPECIES RICH GRASS/WILDFLOWER MEADOWS
2. Manufacturer/ source: Contractor's choice RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 6 of 36
2.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
3. Standard: In accordance with the Fertiliser Industry Assurance Scheme (FIAS)
4. Purpose: General purpose fertilizer
5. Type: NPK (macronutrient)
6. Availability to plants: Slow release
Execution
610 Topsoil analysis
1. Soil to be analysed: Imported topsoil and Topsoil stockpile
2. Soil analyst: Contractor's choice
3. Samples: Collect in accordance with BS 3882.
4. Submit
4.1. Declaration of analysis: In accordance with BS 3882, clause 6 and Table 1.
4.2. Additional analysis: Phytotoxic and CLEA elements & Potentially toxic elements (PTEs)
4.3. Report detailing soil analyst's recommendations.
620 Importing topsoil
1. Give notice: Before stripping topsoil for transfer to site.
1.1. Notice period: 5 days
625 Sample loads
1. Description: FOR IMPORTED TOPSOIL
2. Deliver to site a sample load: of not less than 5 m³
3. Give notice: Allow inspection before making further deliveries to site. Retain for comparison with
subsequent loads.
3.1. Notice period: 5 days
630 Documentation for imported topsoil
1. Description: FOR GENERAL USE
2. Timing: Submit at handover.
3. Contents
3.1. Full description of all soil components.
3.2. Record of source for all soil components.
3.3. Record drawings showing the location and depth of all soils by type and grade.
3.4. Declaration of analysis: in accordance with BS 3882, clause 6 and Table 1.
4. Number of copies: Three
635 Documentation for compost and composted materials
1. Description: FOR IMPORTED SOIL IMPROVERS
2. Timing: Submit at handover.
3. Contents
3.1. Full description of all compost components.
3.2. Record of source for all compost components.
3.3. Analyst's report for each test carried out.
3.4. Declaration of compliance: in accordance with PAS 100 and BSI PD CR 13456. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 7 of 36
3.5. Quality Compost Protocol certification: Required
4. Number of copies: Three
650 Notice
1. Give notice before
1.1. Setting out.
1.2. Spreading topsoil.
1.3. Applying herbicide.
1.4. Applying fertilizer.
1.5. Visiting site during maintenance period.
2. Period of notice: 1 week
655 Mechanical tools
1. Restrictions: Do not use within 100 mm of tree and plant stems.
660 Grading subsoil for
1. Description: GRASSED AREAS, WILDFLOWER AREAS, ORNAMENTAL PLANTING BEDS,
WOODLAND PLANTING AREAS, AMENITY PLANTING AREAS
2. Standard: In accordance with BS 8601.
3. General: Grade to smooth flowing contours to achieve specified finished levels of topsoil.
4. Areas of thicker topsoil: Excavate locally.
5. Avoid compaction.
6. Excess subsoil: Remove.
665 Subsoil surface preparation for
1. Description: GRASSED AREAS, WILDFLOWER AREAS, ORNAMENTAL PLANTING BEDS,
WOODLAND PLANTING AREAS, AMENITY PLANTING AREAS
2. Standard: In accordance with BS 3882.
3. General: Excavate and/ or place fill to required profiles and levels, as section D20.
4. Loosening
4.1. When ground conditions are sufficiently dry to allow breaking up of soils, loosen thoroughly
to specified depth:
4.1.1. Light and noncohesive subsoils: 300 mm
4.1.2. Stiff clay and cohesive subsoils: 450 mm
4.1.3. Rock and chalk subgrades: Lightly scarify to promote free drainage.
4.2. Wet conditions: Do not loosen subsoils.
5. Stones: Immediately before spreading topsoil, remove stones larger than 50 mm.
6. Remove from site: Arisings, contaminants and debris & builders rubble
670 Inspecting formations
1. Give notice: Before spreading topsoil for planting beds & lawn areas.
2. Notice period: 7 days
675 Preparation of undisturbed topsoil
1. Standard: In accordance with BS 4428.
1.1. Grading and cultivation: Category C RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 8 of 36
2. Hard ground: Break up thoroughly.
3. Clearing: Remove visible roots and large stones with a diameter greater than 50 mm.
4. Areas covered with turf or thick sward: Plough or dig over to full depth of topsoil.
5. Fallow period (minimum): One month
5.1. Weed control: At appropriate times treat with a suitable translocated nonresidual herbicide.
680 Surplus topsoil to be retained
1. Generally: Spread and level on site:
1.1. Locations: As directed by Contract Administrator
1.2. Protected areas: Do not raise soil level within root spread of trees that are to be retained.
685 Surplus materials to be removed
1. Topsoil removal from site: Topsoil remaining after completion of all landscaping work
2. Subsoil, stones, debris, wrapping material, canes, ties, temporary labelling, rubbish, prunings and
other arisings: Remove.
690 Topsoil storage heaps
1. Location: To be agreed
2. Height (maximum): 1.0 m
3. Width (maximum): 4.0 m
3.1. Formation: Loose tip and shape from the side only, without running machinery on the heap
at any time.
4. Protection
4.1. Do not place any other material on top of storage heaps.
4.2. Do not allow construction plant to pass over storage heaps.
4.3. Prevent compaction and contamination, by fencing and covering as appropriate.
700 Grading of topsoil
1. Topsoil condition: Reasonably dry and workable.
2. Contours: Smooth and flowing, with falls for adequate drainage.
2.1. Hollows and ridges: Not permitted.
3. Give notice: If required levels cannot be achieved by movement of existing soil.
705 Handling topsoil
1. Standard: In accordance with BS 3882.
2. Aggressive weeds: Give notice and obtain instructions before moving topsoil.
3. Plant: Select and use plant to minimize disturbance, trafficking and compaction.
4. Contamination: Do not mix topsoil with:
4.1. Subsoil, stone, hardcore, rubbish or material from demolition work.
4.2. Other grades of topsoil.
5. Multiple handling: Keep to a minimum. Use or stockpile topsoil immediately after stripping.
6. Wet conditions: Handle topsoil in the driest condition possible. Do not handle during or after heavy
rainfall, or when the moisture content is greater than the plastic limit.
710 Spreading topsoil on
1. Description: GRASSED & WILDFLOWER AREAS, ORNAMENTAL PLANTING BEDS, AMENITY
PLANTING AREAS & WOODLAND PLANTING AREAS AS APPLICABLE RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 9 of 36
2. Standard: In accordance with BS 3882.
3. Temporary roads/ surfacing: Remove before spreading topsoil.
4. Layers
4.1. Depth (maximum): 150 mm.
4.2. Gently firm each layer before spreading the next.
5. Depth after firming and settlement:
100 mm [SPECIES RICH GRASS AREAS]
150 mm [GRASS/TURFED AREAS]
300 mm [PLANTING AREAS]
6. Crumb structure: Do not compact topsoil. Preserve a friable texture of separate visible crumbs
wherever possible.
718 Final cultivation
1. Description: FOR GRASS SEEDING & FOR PLANTING BEDS
2. Compacted topsoil: Break up to full depth.
3. Tilth: Loosen, aerate and break up topsoil to a tilth suitable for blade grading.
4. Depth: 150 mm
5. Particle size (maximum): 2-8 mm
6. Timing: After grading and fertilizing, and within a few days before seeding
7. Weather and ground conditions: Suitably dry.
8. Surface: Leave regular and even.
9. Levels: Flush with adjoining paving or kerbs (after consolidation) & a minimum 150 mm below dpc
of adjoining buildings.
10. Undesirable material brought to the surface
10.1. Remove visible weeds.
10.2. Remove roots and large stones with any dimension exceeding 20 mm.
720 Finished levels of topsoil after settlement
1. In relation to adjoining paving, kerbs or hard surfaces: Flush (after consolidation).
2. In relation to dpc of adjoining buildings: Not less than 150 mm below.
3. In relation to adjacent grass areas: 25 mm above
4. Seeded areas: Extend cultivation into existing adjacent grassed areas sufficient to ensure full
marrying in of levels.
5. Sportsfields: To even levels and within the following permitted deviations:
5.1. From levels or gradients shown on drawings: ±75 mm.
5.2. From line between boning rods 30 m apart: ±25 mm.
6. Within root spread of existing trees and shrubs to be retained: Do not dig or cultivate.
7. Adjoining soil areas: Marry in.
8. Thickness of turf or mulch: Included.
810 Applying compost
1. Description: TO PLANTED AREAS & SEEDED AREAS EXCEPT WILDFLOWER
MEADOWS/SPECIES RICH GRASS AREAS
2. Application rate for trees and shrubs: 50 mm thick
2.1. Timing: Apply prior to cultivation.
3. Application rate for grass: 25 mm thick layer RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 10 of 36
3.1. Timing: Apply prior to cultivation.
4. Application rate for planters: 50 mm thick layer
4.1. Timing: Apply prior to cultivation.
5. Other requirements: Submit 5kg sample before ordering
820 Applying general fertilizer
1. Description: TO SEEDED AREAS EXCEPT WILDFLOWER MEADOWS/SPECIES RICH GRASS
2. Application: Spread evenly, carefully incorporating below mulch materials.
2.1. Timing: Immediately before cultivation.
2.2. Application rate: 50 g/m²
2.3. Other requirements: None
825 Applying fertilizer to proposed grass & turfed areas
1. Description: TO SEEDED AREAS EXCEPT WILDFLOWER MEADOWS/SPECIES RICH GRASS
AREAS
2. Application: Before final cultivation and three to five days before seeding/ turfing.
3. Coverage:
4. Spread evenly, in transverse directions.
4.1. Rate: 50 g/m²
840 Applying mycorrhizal inoculant
1. Description: FOR PLANTING BEDS & TREE PITS
2. Depth: To manufacturer's/ supplier's recommendations
845 Applying loose mulch
1. Description: FOR AMENITY SHRUB PLANTING BEDS, HEDGES & TREE PITS
2. Timing: Immediately after planting
3. Preparation: Ensure that soil is thoroughly moistened, applying water where necessary
4. Coverage of mulch (minimum)
4.1. Planting beds (depth): 75 mm depth
4.2. Trees: 75 mm depth
4.3. Container planting: N/A
5. Finished level of mulch: flush with adjacent grassed or paved areas
Completion
905 Applying maintenance fertilizer to soil
1. Description: TO PLANTING BEDS
2. Duration: Carry out the following operations from completion of seeding/ turfing until the end of the
rectification period.
3. Time of year: March or April
4. Application: Evenly spread, carefully incorporating below mulch materials.
5. Rate: 50 g/m²
910 Applying maintenance fertilizer to grass swards
1. Description: TO ALL GRASSED AREAS EXCEPT WILDFLOWER/SPECIES RICH GRASS
AREAS RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q28
Topsoil and soil ameliorants
Page 11 of 36
2. Duration: Carry out the following operations from completion of seeding/turfing until the end of the
rectification period.
3. Time of year: March or April
4. Application: Evenly spread, carefully incorporating below mulch materials.
5. Rate: 50 g/m²
920 Applying mulch
1. Timing: At end of the rectification period
2. Watering: Ensure that soil is thoroughly moistened prior to mulching, applying water where
necessary.
3. Planting beds: Re-mulch.
3.1. Depth (minimum): 75 mm
4. Trees: Remulch.
4.1. Depth (minimum): 75 mm
5. Container planting: Remulch.
5.1. Depth (minimum): N/A
Ω End of Section
RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q30
Seeding/ turfing
Page 12 of 36
Q30
Seeding/ turfing
General information/requirements
115 Species-rich grass areas GT2
1. Growth and development: Healthy, vigorous grass sward, free from the visible effects of pests,
weeds and disease.
2. Appearance: A closely knit, continuous ground cover of wide species diversity
120 Climatic conditions
1. General: Carry out the work while soil and weather conditions are suitable.
145 Watering
1. Quantity: Wet full depth of topsoil.
2. Application: Even and without displacing seed, seedlings or soil.
3. Frequency: As necessary to ensure the establishment and continued thriving of all seeding/turfing.
150 Water restrictions
1. Timing: If water supply is or is likely to be restricted by emergency legislation do not carry out
seeding/turfing until instructed. If seeding/turfing has been carried out, obtain instructions on
watering.
160 Notice
1. Give notice before
1.1. Setting out.
1.2. Applying herbicide.
1.3. Applying fertilizer.
1.4. Preparing seed bed.
1.5. Seeding or turfing.
1.6. Visiting site during maintenance period.
2. Period of notice: 1 week
170 Setting out
1. Boundaries: Mark clearly.
2. Delineation: In straight lines or smoothly flowing curves as shown on drawings.
Preparation
210 Herbicide
1. Description: FOR ALL GRASSED AND WILDFLOWER AREAS
2. Type: Suitable for suppressing perennial weeds.
3. Timing: Allow fallow period before cultivation.
3.1. Duration: As manufacturer's recommendation
250 Soil requirements
1. Type RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q30
Seeding/ turfing
Page 13 of 36
1.1. Seeded areas: Soil for grass swards, as section Q28
1.2. Turfed areas: Soil for grass swards, as section Q28
1.3. Reinforced grass areas: Soil for grass swards, as section Q28
1.4. Species rich grass areas: Soil for grass swards, as section Q28
Seeding
310 Grass seed GT1
1. Description: GENERAL GRASSED AREAS
2. Mixture: 25% Zurich Creeping Perennial Ryegrass , 25% Agreement Perennial Ryegrass, 35%
Corail strong creeping Red fescue, 10% Mirador Slender creeping red fescue, 5% Highland Brown
top bent
3. Application rate: 50 g/m²
312 Species rich grass areas GT2
1. Description: FOR SPECIES RICH GRASS AREAS
2. Supplier: Ecoseeds Ltd as recommended by Ecologist or EA
2.1. Mixture reference: Submit proposals to meet following mixture specification:
Plant Schedules Document Ref 2447-MLA-XX-XX-SH-L-9010
Note:
• Seed mixes available from: EcoSeeds Ltd., Inverbrena Hall, Stella Maris Street,
Strangford,
Co. Down, BT30 7NJ or equal approved.
• Once topsoil has been spread, EcoSeeds Ltd. to carry out soil testing. Depending on soil
PH / fertility, seed mix will need to be adjusted accordingly.
3. Origin of each species (as defined in Flora Locale's Code of practice for collectors, growers and
suppliers of native flora): British Native.
4. Application rate: 5 g/m²
319 Quality of seed
1. Description: FOR ALL GRASSED AREAS
2. Freshness: Produced for the current growing season.
3. Certification: Blue label certified varieties.
3.1. Standard: EC purity and germination regulations.
3.2. Official Seed Testing Station certificate of germination, purity and composition: Submit when
requested.
4. Samples of mixtures: Submit when requested.
322 Quality of wildflower seed
1. Description: FOR SPECIES RICH GRASS AREAS
2. Standard: In accordance with Flora Locale's 'Code of practice for collectors, growers and suppliers
of native flora'.
3. Germination testing: Submit germination test results (to ISTA International rules for seed testing)
4. Freshness of seed: Produced for the current growing season
5. Samples: Submit when requested.
330 Sowing
1. General: Establish good seed contact with the root zone. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q30
Seeding/ turfing
Page 14 of 36
2. Method: To suit soil type, proposed usage, location and weather conditions during and after
sowing
2.1. Distribution: 2 equal sowings at right angles to each other and diagonally to main axis
335 Grass sowing season
1. Grass seed generally: April to June or August to October
336 Wildflower sowing season
1. Wildflower seed generally: March to May or August to October or as recommended by
Manufacturer
340 Pre-emergent herbicide
1. Description: FOR ALL GRASSED AREAS
2. Standard: Pesticide Safety Directorate approved.
3. Application rate: In accordance with manufacturer's written recommendation.
3.1. Timing: Immediately after sowing.
352 Edges to seeded areas
1. Description: ADJACENT TO PLANTING BEDS AND TREE PITS
2. Timing: After seeded areas are well established.
3. Edges: Clean straight lines or smooth curves.
3.1. Mulch and soil: Draw back to permit edging.
4. Arisings: Remove.
5. Completion: Respread soil and mulch.
Turfing - Not Used.
405 Cultivated turf
1. Description: FOR PRIVATE GARDEN AREAS (If Applicable)
2. Supplier: Turfgrass Growers Association (TGA) member, to TGA quality standards.
3. Seed mixture: As Q30/310
4. Properties of soil used for turf production: Peat-free, well drained sandy loam
420 Delivery and storage
1. Timing: Lay turf with minimum possible delay after lifting. If delay occurs, lay turf out on topsoil and
keep moist.
2. Frosty weather or waterlogged ground: Do not lift turf.
3. Delivery: Arrange to avoid need for excessive stacking.
4. Stacking height (maximum): 1 m.
5. Dried out or deteriorated turf: Do not use.
6. Certification
6.1. Standard: Turfgrass Growers Association (TGA) member, to TGA quality standards.
6.2. Declaration: Species mix, including percentage of specified species
430 Turfing generally
1. Time of year: To be agreed
2. Timing of laying RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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19-06-2026
Q30
Seeding/ turfing
Page 15 of 36
2.1. Spring and summer: Within 18 hours of delivery.
2.2. Autumn and winter: Within 24 hours of delivery.
3. Weather conditions: Do not lay turf when persistent cold or drying winds are likely to occur or soil
is frost bound, waterlogged or excessively dry.
4. Working access: Planks laid on previously laid turf. Do not walk on prepared bed or newly laid turf.
5. Jointing: Laid with broken joints, well butted up. Do not stretch turf.
6. Edges: Whole turfs, trimmed to a true line.
7. Adjusting levels: Remove high spots and fill hollows with fine soil.
8. Consolidating: Lightly and evenly firm as laying proceeds to ensure full contact with substrate. Do
not use rollers.
9. Dressing, brushed well in to completely fill all joints: Mulching and top dressing system, as section
Q28.
10. Watering: Thoroughly water completed turf immediately after laying. Check that water has
penetrated into the soil below.
450 Trimming turf
1. Newly planted tree pits: Neatly cut away around individual trees.
1.1. Diameter: 1000 mm
1.2. Tree pit surface: Respread existing mulch
Protecting/cutting
510 Protective fencing
1. Fencing type: Chestnut pale fencing to BS 1722-4 with points of pales downwards
1.1. Height: 1.1 m
2. Erection: On completion of seeding/ turfing.
3. Removal: After grass is well established. Fencing will remain the property of the Contractor
530 First cut of grassed areas GT1
1. Timing: When grass is reasonably dry.
1.1. Height of initial growth: 40-75 mm
2. Preparation
2.1. Debris and litter: Remove.
2.2. Stones and earth clods larger than 25 mm in any dimension: Remove
3. Height of first cut: 40 mm
4. Mower type: Cylinder
5. Arisings: Remove from site
540 First cut of grassed areas GT2
1. Description: SPECIES RICH GRASS AREAS
2. Height of initial growth: As recommended by Manufacturer
3. Preparation:
4. Debris and litter: Remove.
4.1. Stones and earth clods larger than 25 mm in any dimension: Remove
5. Height of first cut: As Supplier's Recommendations
6. Mower type: As Supplier's Recommendations
7. Arisings: Spread evenly over cut areas and lift after circa. 1 week RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q30
Seeding/ turfing
Page 16 of 36
590 Cleanliness
1. Soil and arisings: Remove from hard surfaces.
2. General: Leave the works in a clean, tidy condition at Completion and after any maintenance
operations.
Maintenance
610 Failures of seeding/turfing
1. Duration: Carry out the following operations from completion of seeding/ turfing until: the end of the
rectification period.
2. Defective materials or workmanship: Areas that have failed to thrive.
2.1. Exclusions: Theft or malicious damage.
3. Method of making good: Recultivation and reseeding/ returfing.
4. Timing of making good: Submit proposals
620 Maintaining
1. Description: GENERAL GRASSED AREAS
2. Duration: Carry out the following operations from completion of seeding/ turfing until: the end of the
rectification period.
3. Maximum height of growth at any time: 75 mm
4. Preparation: Before each cut remove all litter and debris.
5. Cutting: As and when necessary to a height of 35 mm.
5.1. Arisings: Remove
6. Bulb planting areas: Do not cut until bulb foliage has died down.
7. Trimming: All edges.
7.1. Arisings: Remove.
8. Weed control: Substantially free of broad leaved weeds.
8.1. Method: Application of a suitable selective herbicide.
9. Stones brought to the surface: Remove regularly.
9.1. Size: Exceeding 25 mm in any dimension.
10. Areas of settlement: Make good.
11. Watering: Contractor's choice
650 Maintaining species rich grassed areas.
1. Duration: Carry out the following operations from completion of seeding/ turfing until: the end of the
rectification period.
2. Preparation: Before each cut remove all litter and debris.
3. Height and frequency of cut in first growing season
3.1. Time of first cut: As Supplier's Recommendations
3.2. Height of first cut: As Supplier's Recommendations
3.3. Frequency of subsequent cutting (minimum): As Supplier's Recommendations
3.4. Height of growth permitted (maximum): As Supplier's Recommendations
4. Height and frequency of cut in second growing season
4.1. Time of cut: As Supplier's Recommendations
4.2. Height of cut: As Supplier's Recommendations
5. Trimming: All edges. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q30
Seeding/ turfing
Page 17 of 36
5.1. Arisings: Remove.
6. Watering: Contractor's choice Contractor's choice
Ω End of Section
RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q31
External planting
Page 18 of 36
Q31
External planting
General information/ requirements
112 Site clearance generally
1. General: Remove rubbish, concrete, metal, glass, decayed vegetation and contaminated topsoil.
2. Stones: Remove those with any dimension exceeding 50 mm.
3. Contamination: Remove material containing toxins, pathogens or other extraneous substances
harmful to plant, animal or human life.
4. Vegetation: Clear scrub to ground level by flail mowing and remove arisings; retain and protect
trees indicated on drawings
5. Large roots: Grub up and dispose of without undue disturbance of soil and adjacent areas.
6. Additional requirements: None
118 Soil conditions
1. Soil for cultivating and planting: Moist, friable and (except in aquatic/ marginal planting) not
waterlogged.
2. Frozen or snow covered soil: Give notice before planting. Provide additional root protection.
Prevent planting pit sides and bases and backfill materials from freezing.
120 Climatic conditions
1. General: Carry out the work while soil and weather conditions are suitable.
1.1. Strong winds: Do not plant.
125 Times of year for planting
1. Deciduous trees and shrubs: Late October to late March.
2. Conifers and evergreens: September/ October or April/ May.
3. Herbaceous plants (including marginal): September/ October or March/ April.
4. Container grown plants: At any time if ground and weather conditions are favourable.
4.1. Watering and weed control: Provide as necessary.
5. Dried bulbs, corms and tubers: September/ October.
6. Colchicum (crocus): July/ August.
7. Green bulbs: After flowering in spring.
8. Wildflower plugs: Late August to mid November or March/ April.
9. Aquatic plants: May/ June or September/ October.
130 Mechanical tools
1. Restrictions: Do not use within 100 mm of tree and plant stems.
145 Watering
1. Quantity: Wet full depth of topsoil.
2. Application: Even and without damaging or displacing plants or soil.
3. Frequency: As necessary to ensure establishment and continued thriving of planting. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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19-06-2026
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External planting
Page 19 of 36
150 Water restrictions
1. General: If water supply is or is likely to be restricted by emergency legislation, do not carry out
planting until instructed. If planting has been carried out, obtain instructions on watering.
160 Notice
1. Give notice before
1.1. Setting out.
1.2. Applying herbicide.
1.3. Applying fertilizer.
1.4. Delivery of plants/ trees.
1.5. Planting shrubs.
1.6. Planting trees into previously dug pits.
1.7. Watering.
1.8. Visiting site during maintenance period.
2. Period of notice: One week
170 Soil requirements
1. Type
1.1. Planted beds: Planting bed soil system, as section Q28
1.2. Tree pits, shrub pits and other backfilling: Plant pit backfilling soil system, as section Q28.
1.3. External container planting: N/A
1.4. Mulch applied after planting: Mulching and top dressing system, as section Q28
200 Plants/ trees - general
1. Condition: Materially undamaged, sturdy, healthy and vigorous.
2. Appearance: Of good shape and without elongated shoots.
3. Hardiness: Grown in a suitable environment and hardened off.
4. Health: Free from pests, diseases, discoloration, weeds and physiological disorders.
5. Budded or grafted plants: Bottom worked.
6. Root system and condition: Balanced with branch system.
6.1. Standard: The National Plant Specification
7. Species: True to name.
8. Origin/ Provenance: Local provenance
9. Definition: Origin and Provenance have the meaning given in the National Plant Specification.
215 Plants/ trees - specification criteria
1. Name, forms, dimensions, provenance and other criteria: As scheduled and defined in the National
Plant Specification (available on CS Design Software Limited’s website).
235 Container grown plants/ Trees
1. Growing medium: With adequate nutrients for plants to thrive until permanently planted.
2. Plants: Centred in containers, firmed and well watered.
3. Root growth: Substantially filling containers, but not root bound, and in a condition conducive to
successful transplanting.
4. Hardiness: Grown in the open for at least two months before being supplied. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q31
External planting
Page 20 of 36
5. Containers: With holes adequate for drainage when placed on any substrate commonly used
under irrigation systems.
245 Labelling and information
1. General: Provide each plant/ tree or group of plants/ trees of a single species or cultivar with
supplier's labelling for delivery to site, showing:
1.1. Full botanical name.
1.2. Total number.
1.3. Number of bundles.
1.4. Part bundles.
1.5. Supplier's name.
1.6. Employer's name and project reference.
1.7. Plant specification, in accordance with scheduled National Plant Specification categories.
2. Additional information: Submit on request: Country of origin & potting dates.
260 Plant/ Tree substitution
1. Plants/ trees unobtainable or known to be likely to be unobtainable at time of ordering: Submit
alternatives, stating:
1.1. Price.
1.2. Difference from specified plants/ trees.
2. Approval: Obtain before making any substitution.
265 Plant handling, storage transport and planting
1. Standard: To CPSE 'Handling and establishing landscape plants'.
2. Frost: Protect plants from frost.
3. Handling: Handle plants with care. Protect from mechanical damage and do not subject to shock,
e.g. by dropping from a vehicle.
4. Plant packaging: Coextruded polyethylene bags with black interior and white exterior
5. Packaging of bulk quantities: Pallets or bins sealed with polyethylene and shrink wrapped
6. Planting: Upright or well balanced with best side to front.
280 Treatment of tree wounds
1. Cutting: Keep wounds as small as possible.
1.1. Cut cleanly back to sound wood using sharp, clean tools.
1.2. Leave branch collars. Do not cut flush with stem or trunk.
1.3. Set cuts so that water will not collect on cut area.
2. Fungicide/ Sealant: Do not apply unless instructed.
285 Protection of existing grass
1. General: Protect areas affected by planting operations using boards/ tarpaulins.
1.1. Excavated or imported material: Do not place directly on grass.
1.2. Duration: Minimum period.
290 Surplus material
1. Subsoil, stones, debris, wrapping material, canes, ties, temporary labelling, rubbish, prunings and
other arisings: Remove. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q31
External planting
Page 21 of 36
Plant containers - Not Used
Preparation of planting beds/ planting materials
300 Herbicide
1. Description: TO CLEAR EXISTING VEGETATION
2. Locations: All planting areas
3. Type: Suitable for supressing perennial weeds.
4. Timing: Allow fallow period before cultivation.
4.1. Duration (minimum): Two weeks or as manufacturer's recommendation
Planting shrubs/ herbaceous plants/ bulbs
400 Random plant layout
1. Description: TO ALL BEDS
2. Spacing: Evenly, avoiding straight lines
3. Density: As plant schedule
405 Shrub planting pits
1. Timing: Excavate 1-2 days (maximum) before planting.
2. Sizes: Wide enough to accommodate roots when fully spread and 75 mm deeper than root system
3. Pit bottom improvement Break up to a depth of 150 mm, incorporating 25 g of slow release
fertilizer per planting pit.
415 Antidesiccant for conifers/ Evergreens
1. Manufacturer: Contractor's choice
1.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
2. Application: Dip before delivering to site. Spray soon after planting.
2.1. Do not apply in wet or frosty weather.
2.2. Ensure full coverage of underside of foliage.
445 Planting bulbs/ Corms/ Tubers
1. Depth: Top of bulb/ corm/ tuber at a depth of approximately twice its height, base in contact with
bottom of hole.
2. Backfilling: Finely broken soil. Lightly firm to existing ground level.
3. Naturalized planting in existing grassed areas
3.1. Scattering: Random. Plant bulbs/ corms/ tubers where they fall.
3.2. Planting: Neatly remove a plug of turf and replace after planting.
470 Formal hedges
1. Shrubs for hedges: Consistent in species, cultivar and clone to ensure a uniform hedge.
2. Planting: In trenches large enough to take full spread of roots. Set out plants evenly.
471 Naturalized hedges
1. Planting: In trenches large enough to take full spread of roots. Set out plants evenly. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q31
External planting
Page 22 of 36
480 After planting
1. Watering: Immediately after planting, thoroughly and without damaging or displacing plants or soil.
2. Firming: Lightly firm soil around plants and fork and/ or rake soil, without damaging roots, to a fine
tilth with gentle cambers and no hollows.
3. Top dressing: Not required
3.1. Depth: N/A
Planting trees
500 Tree planting
1. Standard: Prepare trees and transplant in accordance with BS 8545
505 Tree pits
1. Sizes: 1200 mm diameter x 750 mm deep
2. Sloping ground: Maintain horizontal bases and vertical sides with no less than minimum depth
throughout.
3. Excavated material: Separate topsoil and subsoil material and stockpile for backfilling
4. Pit bottoms: Excavate with slightly raised centre: Break up base to a depth of 150 mm.
4.1. Treatment: Soil ameliorant worked into pit bottoms
5. Pit sides: Scarify.
6. Backfilling material: Topsoil, as section Q28
510 Tree pit root barriers
1. Locations: Wherever the installed rootball will be within 2m of a hard surface or 3 m of an
existing/proposed underground service route
2. Manufacturer: Contractor's choice
2.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
3. Thickness: 1.5 mm
4. Barrier depth: 1000 mm
5. Foil liner: Not required
6. Top of root barrier in relation to finished topsoil level: 10 mm above ground level
7. Installation: With sides vertical. Remove all sharp objects adjacent to barrier.
512 Tree pit irrigation and ventilation accessories
1. Locations: To all tree pits
2. Manufacturer: Contractor's choice
2.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
3. Type: Perforated plastics irrigation pipe with inlet
4. Pipe diameter: 60 mm
5. Ring diameter: 900 mm
6. Inlet: Black plastics, with cap
7. Installation
7.1. Pipe: Lay in loop above root ball with slight fall away from inlet pipe. Trim length to ensure a
close fit in the tree pit. Connect both ends of pipe securely into plastics tee junction on inlet.
7.2. Top cap of inlet: Protruding slightly above finished surround level.
7.3. Backfill material: Carefully compact in layers. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q31
External planting
Page 23 of 36
526 Underground guying for
1. Description: EXTRA HEAVY STANDARD TREES
2. Manufacturer: Contractor's choice
2.1. Product reference: Contractor's choice
3. Anchoring system: 3 no drive-in anchors
4. Installation: Ensure tree is positioned correctly and vertically prior to tightening guy line tensioners.
Woodland/ matrix/ buffer zone planting
665 Setting out
1. Distance between trees: As drawing
2. Distance between rows: As plant schedule
2.1. Plant in staggered rows.
Protecting/ maintaining/ making good defects
710 Maintenance
1. Duration: Carry out the operations in the following clauses from completion of planting until the end
of the rectification period.
2. Frequency of maintenance visits: Fortnightly during growing season
720 Failures of planting
1. Defects due to materials or workmanship not in accordance with the Contract: Plants/ trees/
shrubs that have failed to thrive.
1.1. Exclusions: Theft or malicious damage after completion.
1.2. Rectification: Replace with equivalent plants/ trees/ shrubs.
2. Replacements: To match size of adjacent or nearby plants of same species or match original
specification, whichever is the greater.
3. Timing of making good: During the next suitable planting season
740 Cleanliness
1. Soil and arisings: Remove from hard surfaces and grassed areas.
2. General: Leave the works in a clean tidy condition at completion and after any maintenance
operations.
750 Planting maintenance generally Type A
1. Weed control: Maintain weed free area around each tree and shrub.
1.1. Diameter (minimum): The larger of 1 m or the surface of original planting pit.
1.2. Keep planting beds clear of weeds: By use of approved non-residual herbicides
2. Planted areas: Fork over beds as necessary to keep soil loose, with gentle cambers and no
hollows. Take care not to reduce depth or effect of mulch.
3. Precautions: Ensure that trees and shrubs are not damaged by use of mowers, nylon filament
rotary cutters and similar powered tools.
4. Firming up: Gently firm loosened soil around trees/ shrubs. Straighten leaning trees/ shrubs.
5. Trees: Spray crown when in leaf during warm weather.
5.1. Timing: After dusk.
6. Tree accessories: Check condition of stakes, ties, guys, guards and irrigation and ventilation
systems. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q31
External planting
Page 24 of 36
6.1. Broken or missing items: Replace.
6.2. Loose stakes: Re-firm in the ground or replace as necessary to provide support to the tree.
6.3. Loose guys: Re-firm anchor points and adjust as necessary to provide support to the tree.
6.4. Ties: Adjust to accommodate growth and prevent constriction or abrasion.
6.5. Damage to bark: Cut back neatly with sharp knife. Prevent further damage.
6.6. Frequency of checks: At each scheduled maintenance visit
7. Watering: As required for healthy establishment, depending on weather conditions
8. Litter Removal: On each visit, lift and remove from site litter which has accumulated in planted
areas or adjacent hard surfaces
760 Planting maintenance - pruning
1. General: Prune to promote healthy growth and natural shape.
1.1. Dead, dying, diseased wood and suckers: Remove.
1.2. Timing: As appropriate to the species
1.3. Trees: Favour a single central leading shoot.
2. Arisings: Remove.
790 Final mulching to specimen trees and amenity/structure shrub planting
1. Timing: At end of the maintenance period.
2. Watering: Ensure that soil is thoroughly moistened prior to remulching, applying water where
necessary.
3. Planting beds: Remulch.
4. Depth (minimum): 75 mm
5. Trees: Remulch.
6. Depth (minimum): 75 mm
Ω End of Section
RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q35
Landscape maintenance
Page 25 of 36
Q35
Landscape maintenance
Generally
105 Maintenance objectives
1. Location: All soft landscape areas
1.1. Duration: 20 years
2. Aims: Enhanced landscape quality & improved landscape visual amenity
3. Restrictions: As described in the landscape maintenance manual
4. Results: As scheduled
110 Notice
1. Give notice before
1.1. Application of herbicide.
1.2. Application of fertilizer.
1.3. Watering.
1.4. Each site maintenance visit.
2. Period of notice: 7 days
130 Reinstatement
1. Damage or disturbance to soil structure, planting, grass, fencing, hard landscaping, structures or
buildings: Reinstate to original condition.
152 Performance criteria for control of invasive plant species
1. Specialist firms: Submit proposals
2. Species: Schedule 9 List
3. Location: Whole site
4. Requirement: Eradication
4.1. Timing: Annually
155 Watering
1. Supply: Potable mains water
2. Quantity: Wet full depth of topsoil
3. Application: Do not damage or loosen plants.
4. Compacted soil: Loosen or scoop out, to direct water to rootzone.
5. Frequency: As necessary for the continued thriving of all planting.
160 Water restrictions
1. General: If water supply is, or is likely to be, restricted by emergency legislation, submit proposals
for an alternative suitable source of water. Obtain instructions before proceeding.
170 Disposal of arisings
1. General: Unless specified otherwise, dispose of arisings as follows:
1.1. Biodegradable arisings: Remove to recycling facility
1.2. Grass cuttings: Remove to recycling facility RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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19-06-2026
Q35
Landscape maintenance
Page 26 of 36
1.3. Tree roots and stumps: Remove from site
1.4. Shrub and tree prunings: Remove to recycling facility
1.5. Litter and nonbiodegradable arisings: Remove from site
180 Chipping or shredding
1. General: Permitted onsite - remove all waste offsite.
Subject to agreement with landowner
181 Mechanical equipment
1. General: Minimize.
2. Prohibited equipment: Subject to agreement with landowner
3. Timing: Use of mechanical equipment allowed between the hours of 10:00 am and 4:00 pm only
190 Litter
1. Extraneous rubbish not arising from the contract work: Collect and remove from site.
195 Protection of existing grass
1. General: Protect areas affected by maintenance operations using boards/tarpaulins. Do not place
excavated or imported materials directly on grass.
197 Cleanliness
1. Soil and arisings: Remove from hard surfaces.
2. General: Leave the works in a clean, tidy condition at completion and after any maintenance
operations.
Grassed areas
210 Maintenance of grassed areas
1. General: Maintain turf in a manner appropriate to the intended use.
2. Soil and grass
2.1. Condition: Maintain a healthy vigorous sward, free from disease, fungal growth,
discolouration, scorch or wilt.
2.2. Waterlogging and compaction: Prevent.
2.3. Damage: Repair trampling, abrasion or scalping.
3. Ornamental lawns: Maintain reasonably free from moss, excessive thatch, weeds, frost heave,
worm casts and mole hills.
3.1. Edges: Neat and well defined, in clean straight lines or smooth flowing curves.
4. Litter and fallen leaves: Remove regularly to maintain a neat appearance.
220 Grass cutting generally
1. Before mowing: Remove litter, rubbish and debris.
2. Finish: Neat and even, without surface rutting, compaction or damage to grass.
3. Edges: Leave neat and well defined. Neatly trim around obstructions.
4. Adjoining hard areas: Sweep clear and remove arisings.
5. Drought or wet conditions: Obtain instructions. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
McIlwaine Landscape Architects
19-06-2026
Q35
Landscape maintenance
Page 27 of 36
225 Tree stems
1. Precautions: Do not use mowing machinery closer than 100 mm to tree stems. Use nylon filament
rotary cutters and other hand held mechanical tools carefully to avoid damage to bark.
235 Bulbs and corms in grassed areas
1. Before flowering: Do not cut.
2. Interval between end of flowering and start of grass cutting (minimum): 6 weeks
250 Leaf removal
1. Operations: Collect fallen leaves.
2. Special requirements: None
3. Disposal: Remove from site for recycling
260 Mowing lawns
1. Grass height: Maintain between 25 and 50 mm
2. Arisings: Remove
265 Mowing general areas
1. Grass height: Maintain between 50 and 75 mm
2. Arisings: Remove
272 Maintaining grassed areas with perennial wild flowers
1. Preparation: Before each cut remove litter and debris.
2. Height and frequency of cut in first growing season
2.1. Time of first cut: As recommended by supplier
2.2. Height of first cut: As recommended by supplier
2.3. Frequency of subsequent cutting (minimum): As recommended by supplier
2.4. Height of growth permitted (maximum): As recommended by supplier
3. Height and frequency of cut in second growing season
3.1. Time of cut: As recommended by supplier
3.2. Height of cut: As recommended by supplier
4. Trimming: All edges.
4.1. Arisings: Remove.
5. Watering: As recommended by supplier
295 Spiking
1. Location: All lawns
2. Timing: As necessary to relieve compaction
3. Operations: Aerate the soil and improve surface water penetration.
4. Depth (minimum): 75 mm into soil
300 Scarifying
1. Location: All lawns [except lawns containing perennial wildflowers]
2. Timing: October or November, before top dressing
3. Operations: Relieve thatch conditions and remove dead grass.
4. Depth (maximum): 15 mm into soil RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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19-06-2026
Q35
Landscape maintenance
Page 28 of 36
5. Arisings: Remove
309 Edges to seeded areas
1. Location: Planting beds and around newly planted trees.
2. Timing: After seeded areas are well established.
3. Edges: Cut to clean straight lines or smooth curves. Draw back soil to permit edging.
4. Arisings: Remove.
310 Re-forming grass edges
1. Location: All edges, where damage occurs
2. Edges: Draw back soil and re-form edges to clean straight lines or smooth flowing curves, sloping
slightly back from vertical.
320 Levelling hollows and bumps in turf
1. Standard: To BS 7370-3, clauses 12.4 and 12.5.
325 Relieving surface compaction in turf
1. Standard: To BS 7370-3.
2. Method: Spiking
3. Top dressing: Fine sand
3.1. Depth: 2-5 mm
330 Selective herbicide
1. Location: All lawns
2. Herbicide: Suitable for suppressing perennial weeds
3. Areas not to be sprayed: Bulb and corm planted areas when in leaf and wildflower areas
340 Spot weedkilling in rough grass areas
1. Herbicide: Contractor's choice
2. Operations: Spot treat broad leaved weeds & injurious weed species listed in the Weeds Act 1959
and Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
345 Control of Japanese Knotweed and Himalayan Balsam
1. Operations: Spot treat in June and September during suitable weather conditions and when plants
are growing vigorously.
2. Herbicide: Glyphosate
3. Application: In accordance with the Environment Agency 'Managing Japanese knotweed on
development sites. The knotweed code of practice'
4. Arisings: Contractor's choice In accordance with the Environment Agency 'Managing Japanese
knotweed on development sites. The knotweed code of practice'
350 Fertilizer - spring application
1. Type: Slow release
2. Application rate: 60 g/m²
360 Fertilizer - autumn application
1. Type: Slow release
2. Application rate: 60 g/m² RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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19-06-2026
Q35
Landscape maintenance
Page 29 of 36
380 Reinstatement of damaged lawns
1. Damaged turf: Remove to a depth of 40 mm.
2. Preparation: Cultivate substrate to a fine tilth.
3. Reinstatement: Contractor's choice of returfing or topsoiling and reseeding:
3.1. Returfing: Quality and appearance to match existing.
3.2. Reseeding: Fill with fine topsoil to BS 3882 multi purpose class, free from stones, debris and
weeds. Reseed with a seed mix to match existing grass in quality and appearance.
4. Protection and watering: Provide as necessary to promote successful germination and/ or
establishment.
Flower beds/ seasonal beddings
470 Flower beds generally
1. Operations
1.1. Remove: Dead flower heads, fallen leaves, litter and debris.
1.2. Weeds: Thoroughly hand weed.
1.3. Cultivate: Lightly hoe.
1.4. Trim: Clip grass edges.
2. Fungicide: Not required
3. Insecticide: Not required
Shrubs/trees/hedges
500 Establishment of new planting
1. Duration: Five full growing seasons from the date of planting
2. Weed control
2.1. Method: Keep planting beds clear of weeds by maintaining full thickness of mulch.
2.2. Area: Maintain a weed free area around each tree and shrub, minimum diameter the larger
of 1 m or the surface of the original planting pit.
3. Soil condition: Fork over beds to keep soil loose, with gentle cambers and no hollows. Do not
reduce depth or effect of mulch.
4. Watering: Contractor's choice
502 Establishment of new planting - fertilizer
1. Time of year: March or April.
2. Type: Slow release
3. Spreading: Spread evenly. Carefully lift and replace any mulch materials.
3.1. Application rate: As manufacturer's recommendations
510 Tree stakes and ties
1. Inspection/ Maintenance times: As scheduled and immediately after strong winds
2. Stakes
2.1. Replace loose, broken or decayed stakes to original specification.
2.2. If longer than half of clear tree stem height, cut to this height in spring. Retie to tree firmly
but not tightly with a single tie.
3. Ties: Adjust, refix or replace loose or defective ties, allowing for growth and to prevent chafing.
3.1. Where chafing has occurred, reposition or replace ties to prevent further chafing. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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4. Removal of stakes and ties: During spring when no longer required to support the tree
4.1. Fill stake holes with lightly compacted soil.
520 Refirming of trees and shrubs
1. Timing: After strong winds, frost heave and other disturbances.
2. Refirming: Tread around the base until firmly bedded.
3. Collars in soil at base of tree stems, created by tree movement: Break up by fork, avoiding
damage to roots. Backfill with topsoil and refirm.
537 Nesting wild birds
1. Survey: Before starting hedge or tree work during the period of February to August (inclusive),
carry out a survey by a qualified ecologist and submit report
2. Accidental disturbance: Report immediately.
540 Pruning generally
1. Pruning: In accordance with good horticultural and arboricultural practice.
1.1. Removing branches: Do not damage or tear the stem or bark.
1.2. Wounds: Keep as small as possible and cut cleanly back to sound wood.
1.3. Cutting: Make cuts above and sloping away from an outward facing healthy bud, angled so
that water will not collect on cut area.
1.4. Larger branches: Prune neither flush nor leaving a stub, but using the branch bark ridge or
branch collar as a pruning guide.
2. Appearance: Thin, trim and shape each specimen appropriately to species, location, season, and
stage of growth, leaving a well balanced natural appearance.
3. Tools: Use clean sharp secateurs, hand saws or other approved tools. Trim off ragged edges of
bark or wood with a sharp knife.
4. Disease or infection: Give notice if detected.
5. Growth retardants, fungicide or pruning sealant: Do not use unless instructed.
545 Pruning of excessive overhang
1. Timing: Annually
2. Operations: Remove growth encroaching onto grassed areas, paths, roads, signs, sightlines and
road lighting luminaires.
3. Special requirements: Allow ground cover plants to partially overlap paths and lawns
550 Pruning of excessive height
1. Timing: Annually
2. Operations: Remove excessive height As instructed.
555 Pruning trees and shrubs
1. Standard: To BS 7370-4.
2. Special requirements: Growth retardents not permitted
570 Formative pruning of young trees
1. Standard: Type and timing of pruning operations to suit the plant species.
2. Time of year: Do not prune during the late winter/ early spring sap flow period.
3. Young trees up to 4 m high RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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3.1. Crown prune by removing dead branches and reducing selected side branches by one third
to preserve a well balanced head and ensure the development of a single strong leader.
3.2. Remove duplicated branches and potentially weak or tight forks. In each case cut back to
live wood.
4. Whips or feathered trees: Do not prune.
5. Operatives: Member of the Arboricultural Association
575 Pruning ornamental shrubs
1. General: Prune to encourage healthy and bushy growth and desirable ornamental features, e.g.
flowers, fruit, autumn colour, stem colour.
2. Suckers: Remove by cutting back level with the source stem or root.
580 Pruning flowering species of shrubs and roses
1. Time of year
1.1. Winter flowering shrubs: Spring.
1.2. Shrubs flowering between March and July: Immediately after the flowering period.
1.3. Shrubs flowering between July and October: Back to old wood in winter.
1.4. Rose bushes: Early spring to encourage basal growths and a balanced, compact habit.
610 Trimming tapering established hedges
1. Time of year: Regular trimming from June to September
2. Operations
2.1. Form: Trim carefully and neatly to regular line and shape, with the width at the top less than
that at the base.
2.2. Trim: Remove current growth rather than old wood.
3. Tools/ Cutting: Suitable mechanical cutters.
615 Trimming field hedges
1. Operations: Trim to specified height and profile using suitable mechanical cutters.
620 Removal of dead plant material
1. Operations: At the end of the growing season, check all shrubs and remove all dead foliage, dead
wood, and broken or damaged branches and stems.
625 Climbing plants
1. Pruning: Remove excess growth, to ensure that signs, light fittings, doors and windows are kept
clear at all times.
2. Insecure growth: Attach to supporting wires or structures using 1 mm diameter black plastics
coated steel wire.
3. Supporting structures: Check and repair as necessary.
630 Dead and diseased plants
1. Removal: As soon as possible
2. Replacement: In the next scheduled round of replacement planting
635 Reinstatement of shrub/ herbaceous areas
1. Dead and damaged plants: Remove.
2. Mulch/ matting materials RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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2.1. Carefully move to one side and dig over the soil, leaving it fit for replanting.
3. Do not disturb roots of adjacent plants.
4. Replacement plants
4.1. Use pits and plants: To original specification or to match the size of adjacent or nearby
plants of the same species, whichever is the greater.
4.2. Additional requirements: Submit proposals
5. Dressing: Slow release fertilizer:
5.1. Type: Contractor's choice
5.2. Application rate: As manufacturer's recommendations
640 Thinning by removal of surplus plants
1. Plants to be thinned: Shrub beds
2. Standard: BS 7370-4.
3. Timing: When foliage of adjacent plants has begun to touch
4. Roots
4.1. Disturbance to adjacent plants: Minimise.
4.2. Soil: Refill holes with topsoil to leave an even graded surface.
4.3. Mulch: Maintain mulch as original specification.
4.4. Adjacent plants: Make good any minor damage immediately.
5. Plants for retention: Select plants with a strong healthy habit.
6. Mature planting density: As scheduled 4 plants per m²
645 Weed control generally
1. Weed tolerance: At all times, weed cover less than 5% and no weed to exceed 100 mm high
2. Adjacent plants, trees and grass: Do not damage.
650 Hand weeding
1. General: Remove weeds entirely, including roots.
2. Disturbance: Remove the minimum quantity of soil, and disturb plants, bulbs and mulched
surfaces as little as possible.
3. Completion: Rake area to a neat, clean condition.
4. Mulch: Reinstate to original depth.
657 Herbicide to kill regrowth
1. Type: Suitable foliar acting herbicide to kill regrowth.
2. Timing: Allow recommended period for herbicide to take effect before clearing dead weeds.
665 Weed control with winter herbicide
1. Type: Suitable residual soil acting herbicide.
2. Time of year: Unless otherwise agreed, complete before end of March.
3. Timing: Allow recommended period for herbicide to take effect before clearing dead weeds.
670 Weed control with summer herbicide
1. Type: Suitable foliar acting herbicide.
2. Timing: Allow recommended period for herbicide to take effect before clearing dead weeds. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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680 Soil aeration
1. Compacted soil surfaces
1.1. Prick up: To aerate the soil of root areas and break surface crust.
1.2. Size of lumps: Reduce to crumb and level off.
1.3. Damage: Do not damage plants and their roots.
685 Soil level adjustment
1. Level of soil/mulch at edges of beds: Reduce to 50 mm below adjacent grass or hard surface.
1.1. Arisings (if any): Spread evenly over the bed.
690 Maintenance of loose mulch
1. Thickness (minimum): 75 mm
1.1. Top up: Annually
2. Mulch spill on adjacent areas: Remove weeds and rubbish and return to planted area.
3. Weeding: Remove weeds growing on or in mulch by hand weeding.
695 Fertilizing established trees and shrubs
1. Time of year: During February or March
2. Type of fertilizer: Slow release
3. Application: Spread evenly.
3.1. Rate: 60 g/m²
700 Snow removal from shrubs/ trees
1. Standard: To BS 7370-4.
2. Plants subject to snow removal: All evergreens
3. Timing: Within 24 hours of snowfall
705 Winter leaf removal
1. Operations: Take down temporary leaf fences. Collect accumulations of drifted leaves from the
vicinity and from planting beds.
2. Arisings: Remove to recycling facility
Tree work
810 Tree work generally
1. Identification: Before starting work agree which trees, shrubs and hedges are to be removed or
pruned.
2. Protection: Avoid damage to neighbouring trees, plants and property
3. Standards: To BS 3998 and Health & Safety Executive (HSE) 'Forestry and arboriculture safety
leaflets'.
4. Removing branches: Cut vertical branches similarly, with no more slope on the cut surface than is
necessary to shed rainwater.
5. Appearance: Leave trees with a well balanced natural appearance.
6. Chain saw work: Operatives must hold a Certificate of Competence.
7. Tree work: To be carried out by an approved member of the Arboricultural Association. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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815 Additional work
1. Defective, diseased, unsafe or weak parts of trees additional to those scheduled for attention: Give
notice if detected.
820 Prevention of wound bleeding
1. Standard: To BS 3998.
825 Prevention of disease transmission
1. Standard: To BS 3998.
830 Cleaning out and deadwooding
1. Remove
1.1. Dead, dying, or diseased wood, broken branches and stubs.
1.2. Fungal growths and fruiting bodies.
1.3. Rubbish, wind blown or accumulated in branch forks.
1.4. Wires, clamps, boards and metal objects, if removable without causing further damage and
not part of a support structure that is to be retained.
1.5. Other unwanted objects, e.g. tree houses, swings.
1.6. Climbing plants where present totally remove ivy and other climbing plants and treat cut
stumps with appropriate stump killer such as Glyphosate or Triclopyr.
835 Cutting and pruning generally
1. Tools: Appropriate, well maintained and sharp.
2. Final pruning cuts
2.1. Chainsaws: Do not use on branches of less than 50 mm diameter.
2.2. Hand saws: Form a smooth cut surface.
2.3. Anvil type secateurs: Do not use.
3. Removing branches: Do not damage or tear the stem.
4. Wounds: Keep as small as possible, cut cleanly back to sound wood leaving a smooth surface,
and angled so that water will not collect on the cut area.
5. Cutting: Cut at a fork or at the main stem to avoid stumps wherever possible.
6. Large branches: Remove only if unavoidable
6.1. Remove in small sections and lower to ground with ropes and slings.
7. Dead branches and stubs: When removing, do not cut into live wood.
8. Unsafe branches: Remove epicormic shoots and potentially weak forks that could fail in adverse
weather conditions.
9. Disease or fungus: Give notice if detected. Do not apply fungicide or sealant unless instructed.
840 Crown reduction/ shaping
1. General: Cut back selectively to lateral or sublateral buds or branches to retain flowing branch
lines without leaving stumps.
2. Operations: Reduce crown by 15%
845 Crown lifting
1. Clearances: Remove branch systems to give clearance.
1.1. Height: 5.5 m above vehicle carriageways, 3 m above cycleways, 2.5 m above footpaths. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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2. Removing branches: Remove whole branches back to the stem, or cut lower portions of branches
back to lateral or sublateral buds or branches. Do not leave stumps.
850 Crown thinning
1. Removing branches: Remove inward growing, crossing, rubbing, dead and damaged branches.
2. Thinning: Selectively remove secondary and small live branch growth evenly throughout the
crown.
2.1. Quantity: as advised by Arboriculturist
3. Cutting: Make no cuts of more than 50 mm diameter.
3.1. Branches: Cut back to lateral or sublateral buds or branches without leaving stumps.
4. Appearance: Leave a uniform and well balanced structure of branches and foliage.
855 Cutting tree roots
1. Excavating: Use hand tools only.
2. Protected area: Do not cut roots within an area which is the larger of:
2.1. The branch spread of the tree.
2.2. An area with a radius of half the tree's height, measured from the trunk.
3. Outside protected area: Give notice of roots exceeding 50 mm in diameter. Do not cut without
approval.
4. Cutting
4.1. Cutting: Make clean smooth cuts with a hand saw.
4.2. Wounds: Minimize. Avoid ragged edges.
4.3. Finishing: Pare cut surfaces smooth with a sharp knife.
5. Backfilling
5.1. Protection: Cover cut roots with clean sharp sand.
5.2. Material: Backfill with original topsoil.
860 Removing trees, shrubs and hedges
1. Standards: To BS 3998 and Health & Safety Executive (HSE)/ Arboricultural and Forestry Advisory
Group Safety Leaflets.
2. Existing services: Check for below and above ground services. Give notice if they may be affected.
3. Shrubs and smaller trees: Cut down and grub up roots.
4. Tree stumps
4.1. Treatment: Remove mechanically to a minimum depth of 300 mm below ground level
4.2. Removal by winching: Give notice. Do not use other trees as supports or anchors.
5. Protection: Avoid damage to neighbouring trees, plants and property
6. Work near retained trees: Where tree canopies overlap and in confined spaces generally, take
down trees carefully in small sections to avoid damage to adjacent trees that are to be retained.
7. Filling holes
7.1. Material: Use as-dug material and/ or imported soil as required.
7.2. Finishing: Consolidate and grade to marry in with surrounding ground level.
865 Bark damage
1. Wounds
1.1. Do not attempt to stop sap bleeding.
1.2. Bark: Remove ragged edges using a sharp knife. RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
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1.3. Wood: Remove splintered wood from deep wounds.
1.4. Size: Keep wounds as small as possible.
2. Liquid or flux oozing from apparently healthy bark: Give notice.
870 Cavities in trees
1. Investigation: Remove rubbish and rotten wood. Probe the cavity to find the extent of any decay,
and give notice.
2. Water filled cavities: Do not drain.
3. Sound wood inside cavities: Do not remove.
4. Cavity openings: Do not cover
Water areas - Not Used
Hard landscape areas/fencing - Not Used
Ω End of Section RECEIVED: 09/07/2026
Specification created using NBS Chorus RECEIVED: 09/07/2026